Nanochemistry
Ahmad Nakhaei; Abolghasem Davoodnia; Sepideh Yadegarian
Abstract
Various antibacterial fluoroquinolone compounds were prepared by the direct amination of 7-halo-6- fluoroquinolone-3-carboxylic acids with variety of piperazine derivatives and (4aR,7aR)-octahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-b] pyridine using Zirconia Sulfuric Acid (ZrSA) nanoparticle, as a catalyst in refluxing ...
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Various antibacterial fluoroquinolone compounds were prepared by the direct amination of 7-halo-6- fluoroquinolone-3-carboxylic acids with variety of piperazine derivatives and (4aR,7aR)-octahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-b] pyridine using Zirconia Sulfuric Acid (ZrSA) nanoparticle, as a catalyst in refluxing water. The results showed that ZrSA exhibited high catalytic activity towards the synthesis of fluoroquinolone derivatives, with the desired products being formed in high yields. Furthermore, the catalyst was recyclable and could be reused at least three times without any discernible loss in its catalytic activity. Overall, this new catalytic method for the synthesis of fluoroquinolone derivatives provides rapid access to the desired compounds in refluxing water following a simple work‐up procedure, and avoids the use of harmful organic solvents. This method therefore represents a significant improvement over the methods currently available for the synthesis of fluoroquinolone derivatives.
Nanochemistry
Ebrahim Teymoori; Abolghasem Davoodnia; Amir Khojastehnezhad; Nasrinsadat Hosseininasab
Abstract
In this research, a new magnetic nanocatalyst CuFe2O4@Si-Imid-PMo containing acidic ionic liquid based on imidazolium cation and phosphomolybdic acid anion immobilized on CuFe2O4@SiO2 magnetic nanoparticles was prepared and characterized using FT-IR, EDX, SEM, and VSM techniques. Then, the catalytic ...
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In this research, a new magnetic nanocatalyst CuFe2O4@Si-Imid-PMo containing acidic ionic liquid based on imidazolium cation and phosphomolybdic acid anion immobilized on CuFe2O4@SiO2 magnetic nanoparticles was prepared and characterized using FT-IR, EDX, SEM, and VSM techniques. Then, the catalytic activity of CuFe2O4@Si-Imid-PMo was evaluated in the synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazoles. The results showed that the catalyst has high activity and the desired products were obtained in high yields within short reaction times. The best result was obtained at 120 °C in the presence of 0.02 g of the catalyst under solvent-free conditions. The catalyst was also readily recovered by a external magnetic and can be used for several times without substantial reduction in its catalytic activity.
Nanochemistry
Ardeshir Khazaei; Ahmad Reza Moosavi-Zare; Saeed Firoozmand
Abstract
3-methyl-1-sulfonic acid imidazolium tetrachloroferrate {[Msim]FeCl4} as an efficient sulfur catalyst was prepared and applied, as an efficient catalyst, for the cross-aldol condensation reaction between cycloalkanones and arylaldehydes to give α,αʹ- bis(arylidene)cycloalkanones in high ...
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3-methyl-1-sulfonic acid imidazolium tetrachloroferrate {[Msim]FeCl4} as an efficient sulfur catalyst was prepared and applied, as an efficient catalyst, for the cross-aldol condensation reaction between cycloalkanones and arylaldehydes to give α,αʹ- bis(arylidene)cycloalkanones in high yields and short reaction times at 75 °C under solvent-free conditions. 3-methyl-1-sulfonic acid imidazolium tetrachloroferrate {[Msim]FeCl4} as an efficient sulfur catalyst was prepared and applied, as an efficient catalyst, for the cross-aldol condensation reaction between cycloalkanones and arylaldehydes to give α,αʹ- bis(arylidene)cycloalkanones in high yields and short reaction times at 75 °C under solvent-free conditions. 3-methyl-1-sulfonic acid imidazolium tetrachloroferrate {[Msim]FeCl4} as an efficient sulfur catalyst was prepared and applied, as an efficient catalyst, for the cross-aldol condensation reaction between cycloalkanones and arylaldehydes to give α,αʹ- bis(arylidene)cycloalkanones in high yields and short reaction times at 75 °C under solvent-free conditions.
Nanochemistry
Roya Ahmadi; Mohammad Reza Jalali Sarvestani
Abstract
In this study, the performance of fullerene (C20) and boron nitride cage (B12N12) as a sensing material for detection of proline was evaluated by density functional theory. For this purpose, the structures of proline, C20, B12N12 and the derived products from the proline adsorption on the surface of ...
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In this study, the performance of fullerene (C20) and boron nitride cage (B12N12) as a sensing material for detection of proline was evaluated by density functional theory. For this purpose, the structures of proline, C20, B12N12 and the derived products from the proline adsorption on the surface of nanostructures were optimized geometrically. Then, IR and Frontier molecular orbital calculations were performed on them. The obtained adsorption energies, enthalpy changes (ΔHad) and Gibbs free energy variations (ΔGad) demonstrate that proline adsorption on the surface of the boron nitride cage is exothermic, spontaneous and experimentally feasible. Whilst, the proline interaction with C20 is endothermic, non-spontaneous and experimentally impossible. The effect of temperature on the adsorption process was also checked out and the results reveal that 298 K is the best temperature for the adsorption procedure. The Calculated specific heat capacity values show that boron nitride cage can be utilized as a sensing material in the construction of thermal biosensors for proline determination. The calculated molecular orbital parameters indicate that B12N12 could be used as a neutral ion carrier and also an electroactive sensing material in the development of potentiometric and conductometric biosensors. All of the calculations were implemented by density functional theory method and B3LYP/6-31G(d) basis set.
Nanochemistry
Fatemeh Fayyaz; Mahboubeh Rabbani; Rahmatollah Rahimi; Mehdi Rassa
Abstract
In this study, cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) was prepared and meso-tetrakis(4-nitrophenyl)porphyrin (TNPP) was immobilized on it. The product was identified by techniques of UV-Vis, fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), diffuse reflectance UV-Vis spectroscopy (DRS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy ...
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In this study, cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) was prepared and meso-tetrakis(4-nitrophenyl)porphyrin (TNPP) was immobilized on it. The product was identified by techniques of UV-Vis, fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), diffuse reflectance UV-Vis spectroscopy (DRS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of an amount of a loaded porphyrin compound containing the nitro group on CNC was investigated against a typical Gram negative bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and a typical Gram positive bacterium, Bacillus subtilis, under visible light irradiation. The results indicated that CNC incorporated with 14.9% TNPP has a good effect on the photo-inactivation of P. aeruginosa and can be used in the textile, biomedicine, biomaterials engineering, membranes and polymer nanocomposites.
Nanochemistry
Mohsen Oftadeh; Fahad Hajati; Mortaza Jamshidi; Hamid Javaherian Naghash
Abstract
(St-co-BA) polymer through montmorillonite (MMT) nanocomposite emulsion is prepared by in situ intercalative emulsion polymerization of styrene (St), butyl acrylate (BA) in the presence of organic modified montmorillonite (OMMT) with different OMMT contents (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, ...
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(St-co-BA) polymer through montmorillonite (MMT) nanocomposite emulsion is prepared by in situ intercalative emulsion polymerization of styrene (St), butyl acrylate (BA) in the presence of organic modified montmorillonite (OMMT) with different OMMT contents (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 wt%). The synthetic compounds are characterized by FTIR, XRD. The nanocomposite emulsions are characterized by applying FTIR, SEM, TEM, TGA and DSC techniques in order to investigate the structure and the thermal properties of the coplymer. The properties of the nanocomposite emulsions containing OMMT are better than styrene-acrylate emulsion. The study of monomer conversion versus time and different OMMT contents indicates that the polymerization rate is decreased by increasing the concentration of styrene and OMMT. Consequently the properties of the nanocomposite emulsion containing 1 wt % OMMT are better than other contents.
Nanochemistry
Mir Reza Majidi; Seyran Ghaderi
Volume 6, Issue 3, pp. 218-324, Serial No. 20 , July 2018, , Pages 15-28
Abstract
In this work, the performance of graphene nanosheets (GNs) and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, as a support for palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) toward oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), was studied. The graphene nanosheets were functionalized by a new and simple method. The PdNPs were synthesized on a ...
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In this work, the performance of graphene nanosheets (GNs) and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, as a support for palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) toward oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), was studied. The graphene nanosheets were functionalized by a new and simple method. The PdNPs were synthesized on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with GNs or GO via a potentiostatic method; without using any templates, surfactants or stabilizers. The surface morphology of the modified electrodes was studied by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray and X-ray diffraction techniques. Cyclic voltammetry and rotating disk electrode (RDE) voltammetry methods were used for calculation of electrochemical parameters of the ORR. The GCE modified with PdNPs-GO exhibited a higher catalytic activity in comparison with PdNPs-GNs toward ORR. The high electrocatalytic activity of PdNPs-GO/GCE was attributed to oxygen-containing groups that were formed on the GO during functionalization of graphene nanosheets. These groups act as anchoring sites for metal nanoparticles and improve their dispersion on GO nanosheets. Also, mechanism of ORR was intensively investigated and transferred electron numbers in reaction was calculated using RDE data analysis. Finally, stability of the modified electrodes was studied and the results confirmed that the GCE modified with PdNPs-GO has a long-term stability.
Nanochemistry
Isak Rajjak Shaikh; Noor Mahmad Nabisaheb Maldar; Caroline Sunyong Lee; Rajendra Charandeo Pawar; Hyung-Ho Park; Uzma Khwaja-Husain Bangi
Volume 6, Issue 1, pp. 1-108, Serial No. 18 , January 2018, , Pages 19-29
Abstract
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) reinforced silica aerogel was synthesized in a very simple and cost effective sol - gel method. The process was followed by ambient pressure drying, and then the aerogel material was characterized by XRD, BET, SEM, EDX and FT-IR. 2.3 x 10-3 wt% MWCNTs were successfully ...
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Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) reinforced silica aerogel was synthesized in a very simple and cost effective sol - gel method. The process was followed by ambient pressure drying, and then the aerogel material was characterized by XRD, BET, SEM, EDX and FT-IR. 2.3 x 10-3 wt% MWCNTs were successfully incorporated in sodium silicate based silica aerogel. This metal-free nanocomposite catalyzed a four component organic reaction among 4-hydroxy coumarin, benzaldehyde, phenyl hydrazine, and ethyl acetoacetate for synthesizing medicinally important benzylpyrazolyl coumarin at room temperature. The MWCNT/silica aerogel composite material having easy accessible active sites and high catalytic activity was easily recovered and reused. The aerogel composite when impregnated with ceria offered very efficient and selective reaction methodology.
Nanochemistry
Kobra Akhavan Saravani
Volume 6, Issue 1, pp. 1-108, Serial No. 18 , January 2018, , Pages 49-54
Abstract
Nanosized hydroxyapatite (HA) powders have been synthesized by an inverse microemulsion system using cyclohexane, an anionic surfactant and aqueous solutions of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and biammonium hydrogen phosphate in the presence of anionic and caionic polyelectrolyte with the inducement of ...
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Nanosized hydroxyapatite (HA) powders have been synthesized by an inverse microemulsion system using cyclohexane, an anionic surfactant and aqueous solutions of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and biammonium hydrogen phosphate in the presence of anionic and caionic polyelectrolyte with the inducement of ultrasound irradiation. Prepared HA in presence of anionic polyelectrolyte has a different morphology from samples which are synthesized in presence of cationic polyelectrolyte. Cationic polyelectrolyte (poly diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride PDADMAC) leads to formation of needle-like HA (10nm in diameter and 100nm in length). Formation of HA at room temperature was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Size and morphology of the HA samples were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
Nanochemistry
Kobra Nikoofar; Shekoufe Moazzez Dizgarani
Volume 6, Issue 1, pp. 1-108, Serial No. 18 , January 2018, , Pages 62-69
Abstract
ZrOCl2.8H2O@nano SiO2 has been synthesized for the first time via a simple procedure and characterized by SEM (scanning electron microscopy), FT-IR, and EDX (energy-dispersive X-ray) techniques. The efficiency of the prepared nanostructure has been explored for the synthesis of benzimidazoles via the ...
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ZrOCl2.8H2O@nano SiO2 has been synthesized for the first time via a simple procedure and characterized by SEM (scanning electron microscopy), FT-IR, and EDX (energy-dispersive X-ray) techniques. The efficiency of the prepared nanostructure has been explored for the synthesis of benzimidazoles via the condensation reaction of orthoesters and diamines at 60 °C under solvent-free conditions. The successful synthesis of benzoxazole has also been explored through the condensation of orthoesters with 2-aminophenol in water media at room temperature. The recovery and reusability of the nanocatalyst has also been examined via 4 runs without activity loss. Partial short reaction times, high yields of products, mild reaction conditions in the absence of any hazardous solvent, and reusability of the nanocatalyst are noteworthy advantages of this method.
Nanochemistry
Gholamhassan Imanzadeh; Raha Hadi
Volume 6, Issue 1, pp. 1-108, Serial No. 18 , January 2018, , Pages 70-77
Abstract
In the present paper, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using the Brassica oleraceae fruit extract under the simple and eco-friendly conditions. The reaction between silver nitrate, as metal source, and aqueous extract of Brassica oleraceae fruit, as reductant agent, produced AgNPs in high ...
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In the present paper, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using the Brassica oleraceae fruit extract under the simple and eco-friendly conditions. The reaction between silver nitrate, as metal source, and aqueous extract of Brassica oleraceae fruit, as reductant agent, produced AgNPs in high yield. The formation of AgNPs was confirmed by means of UV-Vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used for characterization of morphology and size of silver nanoparticle products. The investigation of diverse reaction parameters revealed that reductant concentrations, reaction pH, mixing ratio of the reactants and interaction time affected the size and morphology of synthesized AgNPs. AgNPs with 32.74 nm size and amorphous, based on SEM images, were produced within 24 h interaction period. AgNPs also showed a good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli.
Nanochemistry
Kaliyamoorthy Gowthami; Palusamy Suppuraj; Ganesamoorthy Thirunarayanan; Balu Krishnakumar; Abílio José Fraga do Nascimento Sobral; Meenakshisundaram Swaminathan; Inbasekaran Muthuvel
Volume 6, Issue 1, pp. 1-108, Serial No. 18 , January 2018, , Pages 97-108
Abstract
Fe2V4O13 is prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), UV-diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS), high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM) using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. The hetero-Fenton catalyst can be used ...
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Fe2V4O13 is prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), UV-diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS), high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM) using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. The hetero-Fenton catalyst can be used to mineralize Methyl Orange (MO) under UV-A light. The mineralization rate is influenced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration, pH, and catalyst loading. The reusability of Fe2V4O13 is analyzed by five successive runs. At the maximum of 95% of degradation is observed in all five cycles. Therefore, the Fe2V4O13 catalyst is found to be reusable. The mineralization is confirmed by chemical oxygen demand (COD) measurements. Mechanism of the heterophoto-Fenton process is also proposed.Keywords: Fe2V4O13; Methyl Orange; wastewater treatment; hetero-Fenton reaction; photocatalysis
Nanochemistry
Sandip P. Patil; Vilas K. Mahajan; Gunvant H. Sonawane; Vinod S. Shrivastava
Volume 5, Issue 4, pp. 364-493, Serial No. 17 , October 2017, , Pages 417-428
Abstract
The present study reports, the synthesis of ZnO-bentonite nanocomposite by the incorporation of ZnO with bentonite clay. The nanocomposite was characterised by XRD and SEM. ZnO-bentonite was effectively used for removal of Methylene Blue (MB). Removal of MB takes place by photocatalytic degradation and ...
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The present study reports, the synthesis of ZnO-bentonite nanocomposite by the incorporation of ZnO with bentonite clay. The nanocomposite was characterised by XRD and SEM. ZnO-bentonite was effectively used for removal of Methylene Blue (MB). Removal of MB takes place by photocatalytic degradation and adsorption. Photocatalytic degradation of MB occurs by advanced oxidation process. The factors affecting photocatalytic degradation like pH, initial dye concentration, contact time and photocatalyst dose are investigated. Optimum pH was 8 and contact time was 80 min for photocatalytic degradation of MB. The kinetic study shows that adsorption follows pseudo-second-order kinetics. Adsorption was also described by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Adsorption isotherm found to follow Langmuir isotherm. The monolayer coverage capacity was observed to be 62.5 mg/g. The amount of dye adsorbed was 252.7 mg/g for 0.2 g/L photocatalyst dose at 60mg/L MB concentration.
Nanochemistry
Fatemeh Mostaghni; Ali Daneshvar; Majid Sakhaie
Volume 5, Issue 4, pp. 364-493, Serial No. 17 , October 2017, , Pages 429-435
Abstract
Green synthesis of nanoparticles makes use of environmental friendly, non-toxic and safe reagents. In this study, we synthesised CoFe2O4 in a green approach, using leaf extract of Chenopodium album. The structure of the synthesised sample were analyzed by X-ray diffraction methods. The synthesised Photocatalyst ...
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Green synthesis of nanoparticles makes use of environmental friendly, non-toxic and safe reagents. In this study, we synthesised CoFe2O4 in a green approach, using leaf extract of Chenopodium album. The structure of the synthesised sample were analyzed by X-ray diffraction methods. The synthesised Photocatalyst was applied for photo degradation of methy orange as a reliable model pollutant. The results indicated that CoFe2O4 exhibited good efficiency for the degradation of MO under UV light irradiation; the degradation ratio reached to 100% after 3 h irradiation. In addition, easy separation of the catalysts from the treated wastewater by magnetic separation, makes it available for flow-bed technologies.
Nanochemistry
Professor Mohammad Ali Karimi; Malihe Alsadat Mozaheb; Abdolhamid Hatefi-Mehrjardi; Hossein Tavallali; Abdol Mohammad Attaran
Volume 5, Issue 2, pp. 121-236, Serial No. 15 , April 2017, , Pages 173-185
Abstract
In this paper, multivariate calibration methods of partial least squares (PLS) and principle component regression (PCR) were investigated in simultaneously determination of hydrazine (HZ) and acetylhydrazine (AHZ). The aforementioned methods are based on formation of the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) ...
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In this paper, multivariate calibration methods of partial least squares (PLS) and principle component regression (PCR) were investigated in simultaneously determination of hydrazine (HZ) and acetylhydrazine (AHZ). The aforementioned methods are based on formation of the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from the reaction of HZ and AHZ with Ag+ ions as oxidizing agent in the presence of citrate ions as a stabilizing and catalyzing agent. The reaction was followed by analytical wavelength (420 nm) corresponding to the maximum extinction of was related to surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of AgNPs. These methods were based on the differences observed in the production rate of AgNPs. Differences in the kinetic behavior of the HZ and AHZ were exploited using PLS and PCR to resolve concentration of analytes in their mixture. The obtained results show that simultaneous determination of HZ and AHZ can be performed in the concentration linear ranges of 40.0-1000.0 and 200.0-1000.0 ng mL-1, respectively. The root mean squares errors of prediction (RMSEP) for applying PCR and PLS methods to 9 synthetic samples in these concentration ranges were 0.8307 and 1.9411 for HZ and 1.4407 and 0.9883 for AHZ, respectively. To assess selectivity of the methods, the effects of certain foreign ions upon the reaction rate were determined. Both methods (PLS and PCR) were validated using a set of synthetic sample mixtures and then they were applied for simultaneous determination of HZ and AHZ in different water samples.
Nanochemistry
Mahdieh Chegeni; Ardeshir Khazaei; Shahnaz Saednia
Volume 4, Issue 4, pp. 359-490, Serial No. 13 , October 2016, , Pages 364-372
Abstract
Nanocrystalline SiO2–HClO4, as a newly reported catalyst, has been used as an efficient and reusable catalyst for the synthesis of pyrimidine derivatives. The procedure can be successfully applied to the efficient synthesis of mono substituted pyrimidine derivatives, using triethyl orthoformate, ...
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Nanocrystalline SiO2–HClO4, as a newly reported catalyst, has been used as an efficient and reusable catalyst for the synthesis of pyrimidine derivatives. The procedure can be successfully applied to the efficient synthesis of mono substituted pyrimidine derivatives, using triethyl orthoformate, ammonium acetate, methyl ketone derivatives. In practice, this method is a combination of a satisfactory synthesis and more significantly easy product isolation and purification. A simple, high yielding in the presence of perchloric acid–functionalized silica nanosphere as a catalyst is described. The catalyst could be used at least five times without any change in the activity. Full characterization of the catalyst was performed by XRD, EDX, UV–Vis, TGA spectra and also by SEM and TEM images.
Nanochemistry
Hassan Karami; Mohammad Ali karimi; Ehsan Atin
Volume 4, Issue 4, pp. 359-490, Serial No. 13 , October 2016, , Pages 449-465
Abstract
This paper presents a new gel combustion method to synthesize palladium nanoparticles, palladium oxide (PdO) nanoparticles and palladium-palladium oxide nanocomposites. In the proposed method, there are some effective parameters including palladium chloride concentration, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) concentration, ...
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This paper presents a new gel combustion method to synthesize palladium nanoparticles, palladium oxide (PdO) nanoparticles and palladium-palladium oxide nanocomposites. In the proposed method, there are some effective parameters including palladium chloride concentration, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) concentration, acid concentration, solvent composition and combustion temperature that their values are investigated and optimized by the "one at a time" method. The experimental data shows that the combustion temperature is the main factor that controls the sample composition to obtain palladium, palladium oxide or palladium-palladium nanocomposites. Characterization of the synthesized samples is performed by SEM, TEM, XRD and BET specific surface area measurements. The optimized sample consisted of clusters; each cluster is composed of smaller nanoparticles with an average diameter of 25 mm and 10 m2. g-1 specific surface areas. The optimized Pd-PdO nanocomposite is successfully used as nanocatalyst for the hydrogen revolution.
Nanochemistry
Alireza Khorshidi; Shahab Shariati; Masoumeh Aboutalebi; Neda Mardazad
Volume 4, Issue 4, pp. 359-490, Serial No. 13 , October 2016, , Pages 476-482
Abstract
Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized by co-precipitation of Fe2+ and Fe3+ in aqueous NaOH. Then silica was coated on the obtained nanoparticles and the whole composite was functionalized with chlorosulfonic acid in CH2Cl2. The obtained nanocomposite (Fe3O4@SiO2-SO3H) was characterized by FT-IR, ...
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Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized by co-precipitation of Fe2+ and Fe3+ in aqueous NaOH. Then silica was coated on the obtained nanoparticles and the whole composite was functionalized with chlorosulfonic acid in CH2Cl2. The obtained nanocomposite (Fe3O4@SiO2-SO3H) was characterized by FT-IR, VSM and XRD techniques and was used as an efficient catalyst in condensation reaction of indoles and aldehydes, and excellent yields of the desired products were obtained. The catalyst was recycled and used for successive runs with no considerable loss of activity. The indole products in their conjugated form were capable of selective sensing of CN- anion in solution.
Nanochemistry
Aliakbar Dehno Khalaji; Fatemeh Gharib
Volume 4, Issue 3, pp. 236-358, Serial No. 12 , July 2016, , Pages 265-272
Abstract
In this paper, nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles have been prepared by solid state thermal decomposition of an acyclic nickel(II) complex (1,2-bis(2-formyl-3-methoxyphenyl)propane)nickel(II) chloride, [NiL]Cl2, in an electrical furnace at optimal temperature, 450 ºC for 3.5 h. The nickel(II) complex ...
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In this paper, nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles have been prepared by solid state thermal decomposition of an acyclic nickel(II) complex (1,2-bis(2-formyl-3-methoxyphenyl)propane)nickel(II) chloride, [NiL]Cl2, in an electrical furnace at optimal temperature, 450 ºC for 3.5 h. The nickel(II) complex is obtained via solid state synthesis using nickel(II) chloride and tetradentate O4 acyclic ligand 1,2-bis(2-formyl-3-methoxyphenyl)propane. The structure and morphology of NiO nanoparticles are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). XRD and TEM analysis show that NiO nanoparticles have pure and cubic phase with the average size of 5-10 nm.
![Solid state synthesis of NiO nanoparticles from [(1,2-bis(2-formyl-3-methoxyphenyl)propane)nickel(II)] chloride](data/icc/coversheet/321450691277.png)
Nanochemistry
Mohammad Ali Nasseri; Batol Zakerinasab; Sayyde Kamayestani
Volume 4, Issue 3, pp. 236-358, Serial No. 12 , July 2016, , Pages 283-294
Abstract
Mn(II) salen complex immobilized on nano silicagel was prepared by incorporating Mn(II) salen complex into a nanosilica matrix and characterized by TGA, XRD, atomic absorption spectroscopy and was successfully applied as catalyst for the oxidation of alcohols. Oxidation of a series of alcohols in acetonitrile ...
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Mn(II) salen complex immobilized on nano silicagel was prepared by incorporating Mn(II) salen complex into a nanosilica matrix and characterized by TGA, XRD, atomic absorption spectroscopy and was successfully applied as catalyst for the oxidation of alcohols. Oxidation of a series of alcohols in acetonitrile over immobilized Mn(II) salen complex using tetrabutylammonium peroxymonosulfate (TBAO) as oxidant were resulted to the corresponding carbonyl compounds selectively in moderate to high yields. It is noteworthy that the aldehydes do not undergo further oxdation to carboxylic acids. The yields of aromatic alcohols are higher than those of alcohols with aliphatic groups. The catalyst has been reused several times, without observable loss of its activity and selectivity.
Nanochemistry
Shahryar Pashaei; Soleyman Hosseinzadeh
Volume 4, Issue 1, pp. 1-132, Serial No. 10 , January 2016, , Pages 102-114
Abstract
This study focuses on achieving high stiffness/strength and good FR characteristic of nylon 66/MCA/NC nanocomposites, prepared via melt compounding by twin screw extruder. A synergistic effect of flame retardant systems based on melamine cyanurate and zinc borate on the flammability and mechanical behaviours ...
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This study focuses on achieving high stiffness/strength and good FR characteristic of nylon 66/MCA/NC nanocomposites, prepared via melt compounding by twin screw extruder. A synergistic effect of flame retardant systems based on melamine cyanurate and zinc borate on the flammability and mechanical behaviours of crysnanoclay reinforced nylon 66 nanocomposites have been reported. Mechanical test results indicated that all composites exhibited higher stiffness than pristine nylon 66. Thermal characteristics were performed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). TGA thermograms indicate a significant increase in thermal stability after incorporation of flame retardants additives to nylon 66 matrices. A slight reduction in HDT and marked reduction in izod impact strength after incorporation of flame retardant into nylon 66/MCA/NC nanoomposite was observed.
Nanochemistry
Maryam Movahedi; Akram Hosseinian; Nasrin Nazempour; Mohadeseh Rahimi; Hossein Salavati
Volume 3, Issue 4, pp. 283-387, Serial No. 9 , October 2015, , Pages 374-387
Abstract
In the present work, ZnO/Bi2O3, SnO2/Bi2O3/Bi2O4 mixed oxide, Bi2O3 rod-like and SnO2 nanoparticle have been synthesized. The obtained samples were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The optical properties of samples were evaluated by UV-Vis ...
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In the present work, ZnO/Bi2O3, SnO2/Bi2O3/Bi2O4 mixed oxide, Bi2O3 rod-like and SnO2 nanoparticle have been synthesized. The obtained samples were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The optical properties of samples were evaluated by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The photocatalytic activity of samples was evaluated by decolorization of methylene blue (M.B.) solution. The Present work indicates the improving or hampering effect of Bi2O3 on the photocatalytic activity of ZnO/Bi2O3. The results show that the photocatalytic performance of ZnO/Bi2O3 which is higher than that of Bi2O3, SnO2, and SnO2/Bi2O3/Bi2O4 is related to the presence of the zinc oxide semiconductor. Furthermore, results indicated that the photoactivity of the SnO2/Bi2O3 system was not improved. The present work affirms the importanat position of energy levels and also the separation of photogenerated electron/hole pairs on the efficient photocatalytic performance.
Nanochemistry
Fariba Heidarizadeh; Saeed Asadipour
Volume 3, Issue 3, pp. 180-282,Serial No. 8 , July 2015, , Pages 187-198
Abstract
Polypyrrole is one of the most useful conductive polymers, but green synthesis of this polymer has been restricted until now. The objective of the present paper is green synthesis of nano polypyrrole (PPy) by oxidative polymerization using urea-hydrogen peroxide. It was found that conductivity and morphology ...
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Polypyrrole is one of the most useful conductive polymers, but green synthesis of this polymer has been restricted until now. The objective of the present paper is green synthesis of nano polypyrrole (PPy) by oxidative polymerization using urea-hydrogen peroxide. It was found that conductivity and morphology of polypyrrole are highly dependent on the reaction conditions such as the molar ratio of oxidized to monomer, temperature, reaction time, kind of solvents, the presence of a catalyst such as p-toluene sulfonic acid, and specially concentration and addition time of hydrochloric acid. After understanding the relationship between these factors, we turned this enormous variability into improved polypyrrole properties.
Organic chemistry
Hamid Reza Mardani Kiasari; Mehdi Forouzani; Mitra Ziari; Azim Malekzadeh; Pouria Biparva
Volume 3, Issue 3, pp. 180-282,Serial No. 8 , July 2015, , Pages 199-207
Abstract
Novel nano-catalysts (Nano ZnO and Fe doped ZnO (Fe(0.1)Zn(0.99)O) synthesized by co-precipitation method in aqueous solution as new nanocatalysts and characterized by common techniques as FTIR, XRD, SEM and UVD. The size of particles obtained from XRD data is 27 and 16 nanometers for ZnO and Fresno ...
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Novel nano-catalysts (Nano ZnO and Fe doped ZnO (Fe(0.1)Zn(0.99)O) synthesized by co-precipitation method in aqueous solution as new nanocatalysts and characterized by common techniques as FTIR, XRD, SEM and UVD. The size of particles obtained from XRD data is 27 and 16 nanometers for ZnO and Fresno respectively. Influences of doped Fe on ZnO catalytic properties in oxidation of Benzylic alcohols were studied. The oxidation carried out under mild and green conditions as: solvent free, at room temperature and with H2O2. The results show, FeZnO is better than ZnO as nanocatalyst in oxidation reaction. The rate, %conversion and %selectivity of reaction are improved in the presence of Fe atoms than ZnO only. The main product of oxidation reactions is Benzaldehyde and/or its derivatives.
Organic chemistry
Mehdi Forouzani; Navabeh Nami; Hassan Ghasemnejad-Bosra; Omid Khalilpour Tylami
Volume 3, Issue 3, pp. 180-282,Serial No. 8 , July 2015, , Pages 232-243
Abstract
One-pot reaction of aldehydes or ketons with aniline derivatives was performed using NaBH4 and Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The optimum amount of Fe3O4 MNPs was 5 mol% under solvent free condition. The corresponding products were obtained in good to excellent yields. The magnetically recoverable ...
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One-pot reaction of aldehydes or ketons with aniline derivatives was performed using NaBH4 and Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The optimum amount of Fe3O4 MNPs was 5 mol% under solvent free condition. The corresponding products were obtained in good to excellent yields. The magnetically recoverable iron oxide nanoparticles are found to be efficient for synthesis of amine derivatives. These nanoparticles are effective in green chemistry and could be successfully reuse. in addition to having the general advantages attributed to the inherent magnetic property of nanocatalyst, Fe3O4MNPs exhibited exceptionally high catalytic activity compared to other catalysts, to yield the desired products in short reaction time and mild reaction conditions.
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