Organic chemistry
Mohammad Ali Nasseri; Ali Allahresani; Batol Zakeri Nasab
Volume 3, Issue 2, pp. 72-147, Serial No. 7 , April 2015, , Pages 78-85
Abstract
Microwave assisted green synthesis of α, ά- bis (substituted- benzylidene) alkanones by the crossed- aldol condensation reaction of substituted aryl aldehydes with ketones in the presence of catalytic amount of NbCl5 in good to excellent yields. This reaction is carried out under solvent-free ...
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Microwave assisted green synthesis of α, ά- bis (substituted- benzylidene) alkanones by the crossed- aldol condensation reaction of substituted aryl aldehydes with ketones in the presence of catalytic amount of NbCl5 in good to excellent yields. This reaction is carried out under solvent-free conditions. The results showed that aldehydes bearing electron–donating substituent's on phenyl-ring favored the formation of product in good to excellent yields with reaction times ranging between 3 and 7 min. In addition, furfural, cinamaldehyde, thiophene-2-carbaldehyde and 5-methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde were investigated in aldol reaction, and the results showed excellent yields. Also, the reactions were carried out at room & thermal (80 0C) conditions. The results showed that the yields are in accordance with the microwave irradiations, But the time is 1.5-5 h at room temperature and 15-45 min in thermal conditions.
Analytical chemistry
Rasoul Pourtaghavi Talemi; Sajjad Bakhtiari; Nabi Javadi; Morteza Vatanparast
Volume 2, Issue 2, pp. 82-163, Serial No. 3 , April 2014, , Pages 93-105
Abstract
In the present study, we investigate the potentiometric behavior of Cu2+ carbon paste electrodes based on two mercapto compounds 2-Ethylmino-5-Mercapto-1,3,4-Thiadiazole (EAMT) and 2-Acetylamino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole (AAMT) self-assembled on gold nano-paricle (GNP) as ionophore. Then, the results ...
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In the present study, we investigate the potentiometric behavior of Cu2+ carbon paste electrodes based on two mercapto compounds 2-Ethylmino-5-Mercapto-1,3,4-Thiadiazole (EAMT) and 2-Acetylamino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole (AAMT) self-assembled on gold nano-paricle (GNP) as ionophore. Then, the results obtained from the modified electrodes are compared. The self-assembled ionophores exhibit a high selectivity for Copper ion (Cu2+), in which the sulfur and nitrogen atoms in their structure play a role as the effective coordination donor site for the Copper ion. Among these electrodes, the best performance was obtained with the sensor with a EAMT/graphite powder/paraffin oil weight ratio of 4.0/68/28 with 200 µL of GNP exhibits the working concentration range of 1.6×10−9 to 6.3×10−2 M and a Nernstian slope of 28.9±0.4 mVdecade−1 of copper (II) activity. The detection limit of electrode was 8.9(±0.2)×10−10 M and potential response was pH independent across the range of 2.8–6.3. The proposed electrode presented very good selectivity and sensitivity towards the Cu2+ ions over a wide variety of cations including alkali, alkaline earth, transition and heavy metal ions. Also the proposed electrode was successfully applied as an indicator electrode in the potentiometric titration of Cu (II) ions with EDTA and the potentiometric determination of copper ions in spiked water samples.
Organic chemistry
Sayed Hossein Banitaba
Abstract
An improved rapid one-pot and green synthesis of substituted pyranopyranes by condensing Kojic acid, malononitrile, and different aldehydes and using a catalytic amount of cobalt nanoparticles as green and reusable catalyst is reported for the first time. The reaction proceeds in aqueous media at ambient ...
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An improved rapid one-pot and green synthesis of substituted pyranopyranes by condensing Kojic acid, malononitrile, and different aldehydes and using a catalytic amount of cobalt nanoparticles as green and reusable catalyst is reported for the first time. The reaction proceeds in aqueous media at ambient temperature. Furthermore, the structural and morphological study of the cobalt nanoparticles was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrum (EDS), and Dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques. Utilization of simple procedure, high yields and the ease of separation of pure product, ease of catalyst separation by an external magnet and convenient manipulation, that makes this methodology as an interesting option for green synthesis of 2-amino-dihydropyranopyran-3-carbonitriles.
Organic chemistry
Ajmal R Bhat
Volume 6, Issue 2, pp. 109-217, Serial No. 19 , April 2018, , Pages 114-124
Abstract
Annulated pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine/pyrano[2,3-d]uracil derivatives were synthesized using aromatic aldehydes, active methylene compounds and barbituric acid in presence of dibutylamine (DBA) catalyst in ethanol as solvent. The different substituents on phenyl ring in the fused pyrano uracil skeleton showed ...
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Annulated pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine/pyrano[2,3-d]uracil derivatives were synthesized using aromatic aldehydes, active methylene compounds and barbituric acid in presence of dibutylamine (DBA) catalyst in ethanol as solvent. The different substituents on phenyl ring in the fused pyrano uracil skeleton showed productive influence on its antimicrobial activity against some gram positive and gram negative bacteria like Pseudomonas aureus, E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia and Bacillus cereus. Antibacterial screening revealed that the presence of heteroaryl, cyano and amino groups on uracil skeleton increases its penetrating power on bacterial cell wall and product becomes more biologically energetic. The antimicrobial activity results showed some definite and interesting facts about the structure activity relationship (SAR) of synthesized molecules.
Organic chemistry
Hassan Ghasemnejad-Bosra; Amin Rostami
Volume 5, Issue 2, pp. 121-236, Serial No. 15 , April 2017, , Pages 129-137
Abstract
N-Propylsulfamic acid supported onto magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (MNPs-PSA) was investigated as an efficient and magnetically recoverable catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of substituted coumarins from the reaction of coumarin with variety aromatic aldehydes in high to excellent yield at room temperature ...
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N-Propylsulfamic acid supported onto magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (MNPs-PSA) was investigated as an efficient and magnetically recoverable catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of substituted coumarins from the reaction of coumarin with variety aromatic aldehydes in high to excellent yield at room temperature under solvent-free conditions. The magnetic nanocatalyst can be readily recovered easily by applying an external magnet device and reused for at least 10 reaction runs without considerable loss of reactivity. The advantages of this protocol are the use of a commercially available, eco-friendly, cheap, the mild reaction conditions, operational simplicity, practicability, short reaction times, and good to high yields
Organic chemistry
Ali Saberi
Volume 4, Issue 2, pp. 133-235, Serial No. 11 , April 2016, , Pages 142-145
Abstract
γ-Aminobutiric acid (GABA), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system is activated by the antispastic and muscle relaxant agent, Baclofen, which is a lipophilic derivative of GABA. Because of its biological and pharmacological importance, there are several reports in the ...
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γ-Aminobutiric acid (GABA), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system is activated by the antispastic and muscle relaxant agent, Baclofen, which is a lipophilic derivative of GABA. Because of its biological and pharmacological importance, there are several reports in the literature about the synthesis of baclofen since 1962. In this study baclofen was easily synthesized by Claisen condensation of ethyl acetoacetate and p-chlorobenzaldehyde, formation of cyclic imide from β(p-chlorophenyl) glutaric acid and further Hoffmann rearrangement of β(p-chlorophenyl) glutarimid. Reagents used were inexpensive and commercially available. The overall yield of the reported strategy was 50% which is a good yield compare with other previous reports.
Organic chemistry
Ahmad Reza Moosavi-Zare; Mahdi Pouraskar-Borazjani; Zahra Naz
Volume 2, Issue 3, pp. 162-231, Serial No. 4 , July 2014, , Pages 168-172
Abstract
1-Carboxymethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride {[cmmim]Cl} is utilized as a highly efficient and reusable catalyst for the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes by the condensation reaction of indole with arylaldehydes under solvent-free conditions at room temperature. In summary, the presented method have ...
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1-Carboxymethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride {[cmmim]Cl} is utilized as a highly efficient and reusable catalyst for the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes by the condensation reaction of indole with arylaldehydes under solvent-free conditions at room temperature. In summary, the presented method have several advantages including simplicity, low cost, generality, efficiency, clean reaction profile, high yield, short reaction time, ease of product isolation, mild reaction conditions, and good agreement with the green chemistry protocols. In this work, all aldehydes, including benzaldehyde and arylaldehydes possessing electron-withdrawing substituents, electron-releasing substituents and halogens on their aromatic ring, afforded the desired bis(indolyl)metanes in high to excellent yields and in short reaction times.
Nanochemistry
Ebrahim Teymoori; Abolghasem Davoodnia; Amir Khojastehnezhad; Nasrinsadat Hosseininasab
Abstract
In this research, a new magnetic nanocatalyst CuFe2O4@Si-Imid-PMo containing acidic ionic liquid based on imidazolium cation and phosphomolybdic acid anion immobilized on CuFe2O4@SiO2 magnetic nanoparticles was prepared and characterized using FT-IR, EDX, SEM, and VSM techniques. Then, the catalytic ...
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In this research, a new magnetic nanocatalyst CuFe2O4@Si-Imid-PMo containing acidic ionic liquid based on imidazolium cation and phosphomolybdic acid anion immobilized on CuFe2O4@SiO2 magnetic nanoparticles was prepared and characterized using FT-IR, EDX, SEM, and VSM techniques. Then, the catalytic activity of CuFe2O4@Si-Imid-PMo was evaluated in the synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazoles. The results showed that the catalyst has high activity and the desired products were obtained in high yields within short reaction times. The best result was obtained at 120 °C in the presence of 0.02 g of the catalyst under solvent-free conditions. The catalyst was also readily recovered by a external magnetic and can be used for several times without substantial reduction in its catalytic activity.
Organic chemistry
Malihe Ebrahimpour; Ghodsieh Bagherzade; Ali Akbar Sajadi; Rouhollah Khani
Volume 6, Issue 3, pp. 218-324, Serial No. 20 , July 2018, , Pages 228-241
Abstract
A novel Schiff-base ligand (L: 2-[(4-chloro-2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-ylmethylene)-amino] propionic acid) was prepared from the reaction of 4-chloro3-formylcoumarin and alanine amino acid. Copper (II) complex was synthesized from the reaction of the ligand with Cu (OAc)2. H2O in ethanol. The ligand and its ...
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A novel Schiff-base ligand (L: 2-[(4-chloro-2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-ylmethylene)-amino] propionic acid) was prepared from the reaction of 4-chloro3-formylcoumarin and alanine amino acid. Copper (II) complex was synthesized from the reaction of the ligand with Cu (OAc)2. H2O in ethanol. The ligand and its metal complex were characterized by elemental analysis (CHN), ICP, thermal analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), 1HNMR, and 13C NMR techniques. The complex was found to be an efficient catalyst and reusable in the selective oxidation of sulfides to the corresponding sulfoxides without the formation of any sulfone using the green oxidant, H2O2, at room temperature and under solvent-free conditions.
Nanochemistry
Ahmad Nakhaei; Abolghasem Davoodnia; Sepideh Yadegarian
Abstract
Various antibacterial fluoroquinolone compounds were prepared by the direct amination of 7-halo-6- fluoroquinolone-3-carboxylic acids with variety of piperazine derivatives and (4aR,7aR)-octahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-b] pyridine using Zirconia Sulfuric Acid (ZrSA) nanoparticle, as a catalyst in refluxing ...
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Various antibacterial fluoroquinolone compounds were prepared by the direct amination of 7-halo-6- fluoroquinolone-3-carboxylic acids with variety of piperazine derivatives and (4aR,7aR)-octahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-b] pyridine using Zirconia Sulfuric Acid (ZrSA) nanoparticle, as a catalyst in refluxing water. The results showed that ZrSA exhibited high catalytic activity towards the synthesis of fluoroquinolone derivatives, with the desired products being formed in high yields. Furthermore, the catalyst was recyclable and could be reused at least three times without any discernible loss in its catalytic activity. Overall, this new catalytic method for the synthesis of fluoroquinolone derivatives provides rapid access to the desired compounds in refluxing water following a simple work‐up procedure, and avoids the use of harmful organic solvents. This method therefore represents a significant improvement over the methods currently available for the synthesis of fluoroquinolone derivatives.
Analytical chemistry
Rouhollah Heydari; Farzaneh Bastami; Mohammad Hosseini; Mohammad Alimoradi
Volume 5, Issue 3, pp. 237-363, Serial No. 16 , July 2017, , Pages 242-251
Abstract
In this study, a simple and low-cost method was developed for extraction and pre-concentration of brilliant blue(BB) and Tropaeolin O(TO) in food samples using cloud point extraction (CPE) prior to spectrophotometric determination. The effects of main factors such as pH, surfactant and salt concentrations, ...
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In this study, a simple and low-cost method was developed for extraction and pre-concentration of brilliant blue(BB) and Tropaeolin O(TO) in food samples using cloud point extraction (CPE) prior to spectrophotometric determination. The effects of main factors such as pH, surfactant and salt concentrations, incubation time and temperature on the cloud point extraction of both dyes were investigated and optimized. Linear range of calibration curves were obtained in the range of 50–4000 ng mL−1 for BB and 50–5000 ng mL−1 for TO under the optimum conditions. The limit of detection values for BB and TO were 10 and 20ng mL−1, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) values of both dyes for repeated measurments (n=6) were less than 2.2 %. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed method can be applied satisfactorily to determine these dyes in different food samples.
Physical chemistry
Reza Fazaeli; Mohammad Solimannejad
Volume 2, Issue 4, pp. 236-325, Serial No. 5 , October 2014, , Pages 244-254
Abstract
Density functional (DFT) calculations at M05-2x/aug-cc-pVDZ level were used to analyze the interactions between dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) dimers. The structures obtained have been analyzed with the Atoms in Molecules (AIMs) and Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) methodologies. Four minima were located on the ...
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Density functional (DFT) calculations at M05-2x/aug-cc-pVDZ level were used to analyze the interactions between dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) dimers. The structures obtained have been analyzed with the Atoms in Molecules (AIMs) and Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) methodologies. Four minima were located on the potential energy surface of the dimers. Three types of interactions are observed, CH•••O, CH•••S hydrogen bonds and orthogonal interaction between the lone pair of the oxygen with the electron-deficient region of the sulfur atom. Stabilization energies of dimers including BSSE and ZPE are in the range 27–40 kJ mol-1. The most stable conformers of dimers at DFT level is cyclic structure with antiparallel orientation of S=O groups that pairing with three C–H…O and a S…O interactions.
Organic chemistry
Amit S. Waghmare; Shivaji S. Pandit
Volume 3, Issue 4, pp. 283-387, Serial No. 9 , October 2015, , Pages 291-301
Abstract
The three components one pot synthesis of 2-amino-4H-benzo-[b] -pyran derivatives were obtained in good to excellent yields within short reaction time by condensing dimedone, aldehydes and malanonitrile or ethylcyanoacetate using a catalytic amount of (diacetoxyiodo)benzene as hypervalent iodine in aqueous ...
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The three components one pot synthesis of 2-amino-4H-benzo-[b] -pyran derivatives were obtained in good to excellent yields within short reaction time by condensing dimedone, aldehydes and malanonitrile or ethylcyanoacetate using a catalytic amount of (diacetoxyiodo)benzene as hypervalent iodine in aqueous ethanol under reflux conditions have been discussed. This aqua mediated Knoevenagel-cyclocondensation of various aromatic and hetero-aromatic aldehydes along with the aldehydes like aryl-sulphonyloxybenzaldehyde, aryl-carbonyloxybenzaldehyde also leads to the product under the same reaction conditions. High yields, shorter reaction times, one pot condensation, operational simplicity, easy work-up, purification of products by non-chromatographic methods are some additional features of the present protocol.
Physical chemistry
Fatemeh Elmi; Nasser Hadipour
Volume 5, Issue 4, pp. 364-493, Serial No. 17 , October 2017, , Pages 372-380
Abstract
A fragment of Histidine rich protein II (HRP II 215-236) was investigated by 14N and 17O electric field gradient, EFG, tensor calculations using DFT. This study is intended to explore the differences between 310-helix and α-helix of HRPII both in the gas phase and in solution. To achieve the aims, ...
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A fragment of Histidine rich protein II (HRP II 215-236) was investigated by 14N and 17O electric field gradient, EFG, tensor calculations using DFT. This study is intended to explore the differences between 310-helix and α-helix of HRPII both in the gas phase and in solution. To achieve the aims, the 17O and 14N NQR parameters of a fragment of HRPII (215-236) for both structures are calculated. Due to the side chain arrangements of the 310-helix, this conformation contains several hydrogen bonding contacts in comparison to the α-helix form. The resultant 14N and 17O s of peptide bonds of HRPII are affected by these contacts. Both in the gas phase and in solution, the differences in 14N s of backbone are within the uncertainties identical between two conformers but not for NH groups of backbone that the related amino acids participate in intramolecular hydrogen bond formation with side chain. In this case, the differences in 14N of backbone are avg.= 0.36 in gas phase and avg.= 0.43MHz in solution. However, differences in 17O parameters of the backbone C=O are distinguishable between two conformers, regardless of in gas phase and in solution, with and without influencing of the intramolecular hydrogen bond. These differences reveal how hydrogen bond interactions affect EFG tensors at the sites of oxygen and nitrogen nuclei.
Analytical chemistry
Masoumeh Taei; Foroozan Hasanpour; Marjan Shavakhi
Volume 3, Issue 1, pp. 1-71, Serial No.6 , January 2015, , Pages 16-25
Abstract
A carbon-paste electrode (CPE) chemically modified with the N-4,4'-azodianiline(ferrocenyl Schiff base) complex and multi wall carbon nanotubes (ADAFCNTE) was used as a highly sensitive electrochemical sensor for determination of trace amounts of atenolol. The oxidation peak potentials in cyclic voltammogram ...
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A carbon-paste electrode (CPE) chemically modified with the N-4,4'-azodianiline(ferrocenyl Schiff base) complex and multi wall carbon nanotubes (ADAFCNTE) was used as a highly sensitive electrochemical sensor for determination of trace amounts of atenolol. The oxidation peak potentials in cyclic voltammogram of ADAFCNTE occurred around 550 mV vs Ag/AgCl (at pH 6.0) while this peak potential at the carbon paste electrode appeared around 800 mV at the same scan rate of 10 mV s−1. The kinetic parameters such as electron transfer coefficient, α, and rate constant for chemical reaction between atenolol and redox sites in modified electrode were 0.41 and 2.8×102 cm3 mol-1 s-1, respectively. The catalytic peak current was linearly dependent on atenolol concentration in the range of 0.1-57.0 µmol L-1 with a detection limit of 0.08 µmol L-1. Finally, the sensor was examined as a selective, simple and precise new electrochemical sensor for the determination of atenolol in urine samples, with satisfactory results.
Nanochemistry
Isak Rajjak Shaikh; Noor Mahmad Nabisaheb Maldar; Caroline Sunyong Lee; Rajendra Charandeo Pawar; Hyung-Ho Park; Uzma Khwaja-Husain Bangi
Volume 6, Issue 1, pp. 1-108, Serial No. 18 , January 2018, , Pages 19-29
Abstract
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) reinforced silica aerogel was synthesized in a very simple and cost effective sol - gel method. The process was followed by ambient pressure drying, and then the aerogel material was characterized by XRD, BET, SEM, EDX and FT-IR. 2.3 x 10-3 wt% MWCNTs were successfully ...
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Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) reinforced silica aerogel was synthesized in a very simple and cost effective sol - gel method. The process was followed by ambient pressure drying, and then the aerogel material was characterized by XRD, BET, SEM, EDX and FT-IR. 2.3 x 10-3 wt% MWCNTs were successfully incorporated in sodium silicate based silica aerogel. This metal-free nanocomposite catalyzed a four component organic reaction among 4-hydroxy coumarin, benzaldehyde, phenyl hydrazine, and ethyl acetoacetate for synthesizing medicinally important benzylpyrazolyl coumarin at room temperature. The MWCNT/silica aerogel composite material having easy accessible active sites and high catalytic activity was easily recovered and reused. The aerogel composite when impregnated with ceria offered very efficient and selective reaction methodology.
Analytical chemistry
Meysam Sadeghi; Sina Yekta
Volume 4, Issue 1, pp. 1-132, Serial No. 10 , January 2016, , Pages 21-41
Abstract
In this work, the practicality of catalytic surfaces of nano-structured Co3O4 and MnCo2O4 for the adsorption and neutralization reactions of dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP) as an toxic agricultural organo-phosphorous pesticide has been investigated. The Co3O4 and MnCo2O4 NPs have been successfully ...
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In this work, the practicality of catalytic surfaces of nano-structured Co3O4 and MnCo2O4 for the adsorption and neutralization reactions of dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP) as an toxic agricultural organo-phosphorous pesticide has been investigated. The Co3O4 and MnCo2O4 NPs have been successfully prepared by precipitation method using cobalt nitrate and manganese nitrate as the precursors and then characterized by SEM-EDX and XRD. The application of the synthesized nanoparticles as solid catalysts for the adsorption and neutralization of dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP) was assayed in different solvents and monitored by 31PNMR and IR analyses. The experimental results have shown that 39%, 47% and 62% of DMMP have been adsorbed on the surface of Co3O4 nanoparticles in isopropanol, chloroform and decane solvents after 5 h, respectively. While, higher amounts (80%, 92% and 100%) were removed in the same solvents respectively, when MnCo2O4 nanoparticles were chosen as the catalytic surface. This demonstrates that the choice of nanoparticle and solvent (MnCo2O4 nanoparticles and decane) have a great impact on the neutralization of DMMP.
Nanochemistry
Hojat Veisi; Davood Kordestani; Sami Sajjadifar; Mona Hamelian
Volume 2, Issue 1, pp. 1-81, Serial No. 2 , January 2014, , Pages 27-33
Abstract
An efficient synthetic method for successful synthesis of amine denderon on SBA-15 and related Pd (II) complex has been developed. This modified mesoporous material was characterized by various techniques such as TEM, XRD, atomic absorption spectroscopy, N2 adsorption-desorption, and FT-IR. The catalytic ...
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An efficient synthetic method for successful synthesis of amine denderon on SBA-15 and related Pd (II) complex has been developed. This modified mesoporous material was characterized by various techniques such as TEM, XRD, atomic absorption spectroscopy, N2 adsorption-desorption, and FT-IR. The catalytic activities of the prepared catalysts were investigated by employing aerobic oxidation of alcohols as model reactions. The yields of the products were in the range from 75% to 92%. The catalyst can be readily recovered and reused at least 5 consecutive cycles without significant leaching and loss its catalytic activity. Organosuperbase, SBA-15, Palladium complex, Oxidation Organosuperbase, SBA-15, Palladium complex, Oxidation
Nanochemistry
Fatemeh Fayyaz; Mahboubeh Rabbani; Rahmatollah Rahimi; Mehdi Rassa
Abstract
In this study, cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) was prepared and meso-tetrakis(4-nitrophenyl)porphyrin (TNPP) was immobilized on it. The product was identified by techniques of UV-Vis, fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), diffuse reflectance UV-Vis spectroscopy (DRS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy ...
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In this study, cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) was prepared and meso-tetrakis(4-nitrophenyl)porphyrin (TNPP) was immobilized on it. The product was identified by techniques of UV-Vis, fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), diffuse reflectance UV-Vis spectroscopy (DRS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of an amount of a loaded porphyrin compound containing the nitro group on CNC was investigated against a typical Gram negative bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and a typical Gram positive bacterium, Bacillus subtilis, under visible light irradiation. The results indicated that CNC incorporated with 14.9% TNPP has a good effect on the photo-inactivation of P. aeruginosa and can be used in the textile, biomedicine, biomaterials engineering, membranes and polymer nanocomposites.
Analytical chemistry
Ghasem Karim-Nezhad; Ali Pashazadeh
Volume 3, Issue 2, pp. 72-147, Serial No. 7 , April 2015, , Pages 86-95
Abstract
In this research, we reported a novel modified carbon ceramic electrode (CCE) using Ni/Al Layered double hydroxide as modifier was fabricated by sol-gel technique. The Ni/Al Layered double hydroxide modified sol gel derived carbon ceramic (Ni/Al LDH-SGD-CC) electrode was used for electrocatalytic oxidation ...
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In this research, we reported a novel modified carbon ceramic electrode (CCE) using Ni/Al Layered double hydroxide as modifier was fabricated by sol-gel technique. The Ni/Al Layered double hydroxide modified sol gel derived carbon ceramic (Ni/Al LDH-SGD-CC) electrode was used for electrocatalytic oxidation of acetaldehyde. The oxidation of acetaldehyde happens at the potential where Ni (III) species are generated. The modified electrode exhibited remarkable electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of acetaldehyde under alkaline conditions, indicating that the anodic oxidation of acetaldehyde could be catalyzed at Ni/Al LDH-SGD-CC electrode. This proves that the Ni/Al LDH bears the main role in electro-catalytic oxidation of acetaldehyde. Finally, by using the cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometric and tafel plots method, the catalytic rate constant, charge-transfer coefficient, the number of electrons involved in the rate-determining step (nα) and exchange current density for chemical reaction of acetaldehyde was estimated as 0.356 × 104 cm3 mol-1 s-1, 0.51, 1 and 2.76×10-8 Acm-2 respectively.
Analytical chemistry
Moayed Avazpour; Sabah Shiri; Fariba Seifipour; Heshmatollah Nourmoradi
Volume 2, Issue 2, pp. 82-163, Serial No. 3 , April 2014, , Pages 106-118
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Water quality of dam storage is highly affected by upstream environment and basin. Regarding other conducted studies, there exist various reasons such as some studies and general monitoring of dams which cause some main problems including salinity, chemical and microbial pollution eutrophication, ...
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ABSTRACT: Water quality of dam storage is highly affected by upstream environment and basin. Regarding other conducted studies, there exist various reasons such as some studies and general monitoring of dams which cause some main problems including salinity, chemical and microbial pollution eutrophication, and sedimentation. Chame-Gardalan Storage Dam in Ilam Province is one of the storages which have many environmental issues because of discharge upstream rural wastewaters, animal excreta, agricultural drainage, and leachate. The aim of this study is to signify the quality of Ilam’s storage Dam and also to recognize the pollutant resources and to analyze the pollutants’ behavior at different times and sites in order to determine dam properties for agricultural and domestic usages. Regarding the importance of the topic, the present study (in the year 2012) is based on the collected information of water quality of the basin, recognition of pollutant resources and measurement of qualitative parameters such as Temperature, TDS, EC, BOD5, COD, nitrogen, phosphor, and pH in seven periods of time (from May to November). The results show that the total increase in the concentration of all variables along the basin are over double, in particular, Nitrat, Sulfat, BOD, and COD. After analyzing data with some water quality indexes, we analyzed water quality of the storage and some strategies were applied in order to control of effect decrease in the dam storage which, a management program was presented to improve water quality.
Organic chemistry
Masoud Mohammadi Zeydi; Mahdi Fouladi; Mahnaz Shamsi-Sani; Nosrat Ollah Mahmoodi
Abstract
In this work, Nano TiO2@KSF used as an efficient, homogeneous and reusable catalyst for the synthesis of pyrano[2,3-d]-pyrimidinone derivatives via three-component reactions between malononitrile, barbituric acid and various aldehydes in water. The products were formed in high yields within short reaction ...
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In this work, Nano TiO2@KSF used as an efficient, homogeneous and reusable catalyst for the synthesis of pyrano[2,3-d]-pyrimidinone derivatives via three-component reactions between malononitrile, barbituric acid and various aldehydes in water. The products were formed in high yields within short reaction times. Also, this catalyst can be reused several times without loss of its catalytic activity. All the products were characterized using melting point and a variety of techniques, including infrared spectra (FT-IR) and were compared with trusty references. This method a simple, efficient and green for the preparation of pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidinone (4a-4l) derivatives using TiO2@KSF under mild conditions. The promising reasons for the presented method is efficiency, generality reaction profile, mild and green reaction conditions, easy work-up procedure, short reaction times and high yields of the products, ease of preparation.
Organic chemistry
Maryam Sojoudi; Masoud Mokhtary
Volume 6, Issue 2, pp. 109-217, Serial No. 19 , April 2018, , Pages 125-133
Abstract
Water is a versatile solvent in many ways, and in this sense performing organic reactions in this medium is now of great interest. The one-pot reaction of ethyl acetoacetate or benzyl acetoacetate, with benzaldehydes and malononitrile to provide some novel 6-amino-4-aryl-5-cyano-2-methyl-4H-pyran-3-carboxylates ...
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Water is a versatile solvent in many ways, and in this sense performing organic reactions in this medium is now of great interest. The one-pot reaction of ethyl acetoacetate or benzyl acetoacetate, with benzaldehydes and malononitrile to provide some novel 6-amino-4-aryl-5-cyano-2-methyl-4H-pyran-3-carboxylates has been performed over nano MgO with high performance in water as a green solvent at 80 °C. The nanocrystalline MgO catalyst was characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and BET analysis. This method offers considerable improvements for the synthesis of 6-amino-4-aryl-5-cyano-2-methyl-4H-pyran-3-carboxylates with concern to the yield of products, facility in operation, and green aspects without using of toxic catalysts and solvents.
Applied Chemistry
Shahryar Pashaei; Soleyman Hosseinzadeh
Volume 5, Issue 2, pp. 121-236, Serial No. 15 , April 2017, , Pages 138-146
Abstract
Polyvinyl ester green composites were synthesized with walnut shell powder (WSP) by in-situ polymerization technique. The green composites have been evaluated for mechanical properties such as tensile strength, tensile modulus and hardness. Sliding wear loss, specific wear rate and coefficient of friction ...
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Polyvinyl ester green composites were synthesized with walnut shell powder (WSP) by in-situ polymerization technique. The green composites have been evaluated for mechanical properties such as tensile strength, tensile modulus and hardness. Sliding wear loss, specific wear rate and coefficient of friction were investigated by using computerized pin-on–disc machine at normal applied loads of 20, 30 and 40N; at a sliding velocity of 1.5 m/s and at two abrading distances viz., 100 and 200 m. The results indicate that the wear volume loss increases with increasing abrading distance/load. It was found that WSP filled vinyl ester composites exhibit lower wear rate and higher coefficient of friction as compared to vinyl ester green composites. Further, the worn surfaces were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), to give insight in to the wear mechanism, while their mechanical properties were investigated using tensile strength, tensile modulus and hardness test machines.
Organic chemistry
Abdolreza Abri; Mojgan Maleki
Volume 4, Issue 2, pp. 133-235, Serial No. 11 , April 2016, , Pages 146-154
Abstract
Elaeagnus angustifolia has many potential applications in drugs, detergents, perfumes, herbal teas and show various biological and pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and other effective treatment of disease. Gallic acid (GA) and its derivative methyl gallate (MG) are well ...
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Elaeagnus angustifolia has many potential applications in drugs, detergents, perfumes, herbal teas and show various biological and pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and other effective treatment of disease. Gallic acid (GA) and its derivative methyl gallate (MG) are well studied plant phenolics. They have exhibited anticancer effects in several cancer cell lines. In the present work, The E. angustifolia leaves were collected from the enclosure of Azerbaijan Shahid Madani University trees and were dried in the shade condition, were milled and extracted successively with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol in a Soxhlet apparatus for 24 h. Further study on the methanol extract of this plant has resulted in the isolation of gallic acid. The structure of the compound was established by spectroscopic methods. Antioxidant properties of flavonoid and phenolic compoundes were measured.