Physical chemistry
Bahman Vasheghani Farahani; Golamreza Rezaei Behbahani; Monir Shalbafan
Volume 5, Issue 3, pp. 237-363, Serial No. 16 , July 2017, , Pages 286-292
Abstract
Thermodynamic study on the interaction of β-CD with poly ethylene oxide and poly acrylic acid was performed by isothermal titration calorimetry at 298K. when β-CD is added to the interpolymer complex, competition is created between host-guest and Hydrogen bond. Enthalpy of interaction between ...
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Thermodynamic study on the interaction of β-CD with poly ethylene oxide and poly acrylic acid was performed by isothermal titration calorimetry at 298K. when β-CD is added to the interpolymer complex, competition is created between host-guest and Hydrogen bond. Enthalpy of interaction between the β-CD and interpolymer complex was calculated using the extended solvation theory. P=1 Shows that willingness of β-CD to interact with both polymers is identical. The positive values of and show that interpolymer complex are stabilized by β-CD . The process is both enthalpy and entropy-driven. The results show that this interaction is exothermic and increases the interpolymer complex stability.
Organic chemistry
Kobra Nikoofar; Diba Kadivar; Samaneh Shirzadnia
Volume 2, Issue 4, pp. 236-325, Serial No. 5 , October 2014, , Pages 300-315
Abstract
Indole is a nitrogen-containing heterocycle. It is a very important motif in agriculture and pharmacy. Many compounds containing indole moiety has been isolated form nature. It is also an important part in natural alkaloids. Tryptophan is an amino acid which posses indole. 3-Sustituted indoles are the ...
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Indole is a nitrogen-containing heterocycle. It is a very important motif in agriculture and pharmacy. Many compounds containing indole moiety has been isolated form nature. It is also an important part in natural alkaloids. Tryptophan is an amino acid which posses indole. 3-Sustituted indoles are the main group of its derivatives. Because the wide-spread application of 3-substituted indolic compounds their synthetic procedures are in demand by organic chemists. In this review we have focused on about twenty compound of 3-substituted indole derivatives that showed pharmacological properties. A concise synthetic route for some of them has also been reported. The main pharmaceutical properties of these compounds are antibacterial, anticancer and antimicrobial activities.
Physical chemistry
Reza Samimi Shalamzari; Simin Mansouri; Akram Eghbali
Volume 3, Issue 4, pp. 283-387, Serial No. 9 , October 2015, , Pages 348-355
Abstract
The conditional formal potential, E°′of Methyldopa has been studied by cyclic voltammetry at the surface of activated glassy carbon electrode (AGCE) as the working electrode in different pH phosphate buffered solutions. The experimental Standard redox potential, E°′, of Methyldopa ...
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The conditional formal potential, E°′of Methyldopa has been studied by cyclic voltammetry at the surface of activated glassy carbon electrode (AGCE) as the working electrode in different pH phosphate buffered solutions. The experimental Standard redox potential, E°′, of Methyldopa is obtained to be 0.72 mV versus SHE (Standard Hydrogen Electrode). E°′ values have also been calculated with the aid of density functional theory (DFT) method at B3LYP/6-311G Basis set in conjunction with a Polarizable Continuum Model (PCM). Innovative application of both Direct and indirect methods resulted in theoretical standard electrode potentials of the studied Methyldopa in the order of 0.68 and 0.74 mV, respectively. These results were found to be in excellent agreement with the experimental value in the order of 0.72 mV.
Nanochemistry
Fatemeh Mostaghni; Ali Daneshvar; Majid Sakhaie
Volume 5, Issue 4, pp. 364-493, Serial No. 17 , October 2017, , Pages 429-435
Abstract
Green synthesis of nanoparticles makes use of environmental friendly, non-toxic and safe reagents. In this study, we synthesised CoFe2O4 in a green approach, using leaf extract of Chenopodium album. The structure of the synthesised sample were analyzed by X-ray diffraction methods. The synthesised Photocatalyst ...
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Green synthesis of nanoparticles makes use of environmental friendly, non-toxic and safe reagents. In this study, we synthesised CoFe2O4 in a green approach, using leaf extract of Chenopodium album. The structure of the synthesised sample were analyzed by X-ray diffraction methods. The synthesised Photocatalyst was applied for photo degradation of methy orange as a reliable model pollutant. The results indicated that CoFe2O4 exhibited good efficiency for the degradation of MO under UV light irradiation; the degradation ratio reached to 100% after 3 h irradiation. In addition, easy separation of the catalysts from the treated wastewater by magnetic separation, makes it available for flow-bed technologies.
Organic chemistry
Mohammad Reza Poor Heravi; Mohammad Amirloo
Volume 3, Issue 1, pp. 1-71, Serial No.6 , January 2015, , Pages 62-71
Abstract
A simple, clean, and environmentally benign three-component process for the synthesis of 2-amino-4Hchromenes using [mim]Cl, as an efficient catalyst under solvent-free conditions are described. A wide range of aromatic aldehydes easily undergoes condensations with 1-naphthol and malononitrile under solvent-free ...
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A simple, clean, and environmentally benign three-component process for the synthesis of 2-amino-4Hchromenes using [mim]Cl, as an efficient catalyst under solvent-free conditions are described. A wide range of aromatic aldehydes easily undergoes condensations with 1-naphthol and malononitrile under solvent-free conditions to afford the desired products of good purity in excellent yields. Taking into account environmental and economical considerations, the protocol presented here has the merits of environmentally benign, simple operation, convenient work-up and good yields. Furthermore, the catalyst can be easily recovered and reused for at least five cycles without losing its activities.A simple, clean, and environmentally benign three-component process for the synthesis of 2-amino-4Hchromenes using [mim]Cl, as an efficient catalyst under solvent-free conditions are described. A wide range of aromatic aldehydes easily undergoes condensations with 1-naphthol and malononitrile under solvent-free conditions to afford the desired products of good purity in excellent yields. Taking into account environmental and economical considerations, the protocol presented here has the merits of environmentally benign, simple operation, convenient work-up and good yields. Furthermore, the catalyst can be easily recovered and reused for at least five cycles without losing its activities.
Nanochemistry
Kobra Nikoofar; Shekoufe Moazzez Dizgarani
Volume 6, Issue 1, pp. 1-108, Serial No. 18 , January 2018, , Pages 62-69
Abstract
ZrOCl2.8H2O@nano SiO2 has been synthesized for the first time via a simple procedure and characterized by SEM (scanning electron microscopy), FT-IR, and EDX (energy-dispersive X-ray) techniques. The efficiency of the prepared nanostructure has been explored for the synthesis of benzimidazoles via the ...
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ZrOCl2.8H2O@nano SiO2 has been synthesized for the first time via a simple procedure and characterized by SEM (scanning electron microscopy), FT-IR, and EDX (energy-dispersive X-ray) techniques. The efficiency of the prepared nanostructure has been explored for the synthesis of benzimidazoles via the condensation reaction of orthoesters and diamines at 60 °C under solvent-free conditions. The successful synthesis of benzoxazole has also been explored through the condensation of orthoesters with 2-aminophenol in water media at room temperature. The recovery and reusability of the nanocatalyst has also been examined via 4 runs without activity loss. Partial short reaction times, high yields of products, mild reaction conditions in the absence of any hazardous solvent, and reusability of the nanocatalyst are noteworthy advantages of this method.
Organic chemistry
Sobhan Rezayati; Zahra Erfani; Saman Rezayati; Rahimeh Hajinasiri; Marzieh Rekavandi
Volume 2, Issue 1, pp. 1-81, Serial No. 2 , January 2014, , Pages 72-81
Abstract
1,1-Diacetates(acylals) were prepared by direct condensation of various aldehydes with acetic anhydride using dipyridine cobalt chloride (CoPy2Cl2) as an efficient and green catalyst under solvent-free conditions at room temperature. The important features of this catalyst method are that the catalyst ...
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1,1-Diacetates(acylals) were prepared by direct condensation of various aldehydes with acetic anhydride using dipyridine cobalt chloride (CoPy2Cl2) as an efficient and green catalyst under solvent-free conditions at room temperature. The important features of this catalyst method are that the catalyst is solid, stable at high temperatures, soluble in water, stable in air, immiscible in common organic solvents, low toxic and, above all, it is reusable. CoPy2Cl2 can be recycled after a simple work-up and reused at least five runs without appreciable loss of its catalytic activity. High chemo-selectivity toward aldehyde in the presence of ketones is another advantage of the present method which provides selective protection of aldehydes in their mixtures with ketones.
Organic chemistry
Abdolkarim Zare; Mahshad Rezaei; Alireza Hasaninejad
Volume 4, Issue 1, pp. 1-132, Serial No. 10 , January 2016, , Pages 94-101
Abstract
A highly efficient and simple method for the preparation of α,α´-bis(arylidene)cycloalkanones under solvent-free conditions has been developed. The crossed-aldol condensation of cycloalkanones (1 eq.) with arylaldehydes (2 eq.) in the presence of 2.5 mol% of ionic liquid 1,3-disulfonic ...
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A highly efficient and simple method for the preparation of α,α´-bis(arylidene)cycloalkanones under solvent-free conditions has been developed. The crossed-aldol condensation of cycloalkanones (1 eq.) with arylaldehydes (2 eq.) in the presence of 2.5 mol% of ionic liquid 1,3-disulfonic acid imidazolium hydrogen sulfate {[Dsim]HSO4} afforded the title compounds in high yields and short reaction times. The catalyst has dual-functions and it is so because of possessing three acidic functional groups with different Brønsted acidic and basic sites. High catalytic activity and low loading of the catalyst can be attributed to its dual-functions. The promising points for the presented protocol are simple and clean reaction profile, efficiency, generality, low catalyst loading, high yields, performing the reaction in solvent-free media without side reactions, non-toxicity as well as low cost of the catalyst, and good compliance with the green chemistry protocols, which makes it an attractive procedure for the synthesis of α,α´-bis(arylidene)cycloalkanones as an important class of organic compounds.
Organic chemistry
Rahimeh Hajinasiri; Sobhan Rezayati
Volume 3, Issue 2, pp. 72-147, Serial No. 7 , April 2015, , Pages 132-136
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of Methyl 2-[2-(alkylimino)-4-oxo-3-phenyl-1,3-thiazolan-5-yliden]acetate derivatives via simple three-component reaction and one-pot reactions between isoquinoline, dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate and N-phenylthiourea under solvent-free conditions without using any additional ...
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An efficient synthesis of Methyl 2-[2-(alkylimino)-4-oxo-3-phenyl-1,3-thiazolan-5-yliden]acetate derivatives via simple three-component reaction and one-pot reactions between isoquinoline, dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate and N-phenylthiourea under solvent-free conditions without using any additional catalyst, is described. The mild reaction conditions and good yields and exhibit the synthetic advantage of this method. Also this method is environmentally friendly. The methods of green chemistry continue to grow in importance. Alternative processes help to conserve resources and can even reduce costs. The replacement of convention solvents with water or solvent-free conditions, which is harmless to health and is available in large quantities. The thiazolium rings are key units in agricultural compounds and drugs.
Organic chemistry
Seyed Mohammad Vahdat; Abbas Mohammadzadeh; Esmaiel Derafshian; Somaieh Akhoondi
Volume 2, Issue 2, pp. 82-163, Serial No. 3 , April 2014, , Pages 157-163
Abstract
In the present study, Aminoazines were prepared from the reaction of amidrazone hydroiodide with various aromatic aldehydes in the presence of a solid base under microwave irradiation with power level of 850 W for 2-7 min in high yields. The amidrazone hydroiodide can also be prepared by the reaction ...
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In the present study, Aminoazines were prepared from the reaction of amidrazone hydroiodide with various aromatic aldehydes in the presence of a solid base under microwave irradiation with power level of 850 W for 2-7 min in high yields. The amidrazone hydroiodide can also be prepared by the reaction of S-methyl isothiobenzamide hydroiodide and hydrazine in methanol under nitrogen gas. All synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of IR and 1H NMR spectral data. The significant features of this method are short reaction times, high yields of the products, solvent free reaction, easy work-up procedure, directly production of aminoazines.
Organic chemistry
Nahid Rasouli; Maryam Movahedi; Elaheh Aghabeikzadeh Naeini
Volume 6, Issue 2, pp. 109-217, Serial No. 19 , April 2018, , Pages 169-179
Abstract
In this study, the zinc chromium ferrite magnetic nanoparticles ZnCrFeO4 are synthesized via sol-gel method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The XRD analysis showed that ZnCrFeO4 has single-phase ...
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In this study, the zinc chromium ferrite magnetic nanoparticles ZnCrFeO4 are synthesized via sol-gel method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The XRD analysis showed that ZnCrFeO4 has single-phase cubic structure. The synthesized ZnCrFeO4 has been used as an efficient catalyst for acetylation of alcohols, phenols and amines with acetic anhydride under mild and solvent free conditions. The ZnCrFeO4 catalyst can be readily removed using an external magnet and no obvious loss of activity was observed after three consecutive runs. Also, the effect of time, amount and type of catalyst were investigated.
Organic chemistry
Aliakbar Dehno Khalaji; Salar Hafez Goran; Sepideh Mehrani; Karla Fejfarova; Michal Dusek
Volume 5, Issue 2, pp. 121-236, Serial No. 15 , April 2017, , Pages 186-194
Abstract
In this paper, the structure of a new 16-membered macrocyclic Schiff base compound N,N′-(3,3′-dimethoxy-2,2′-(propane-1,3-diyldioxy)dibenzylidene)propane-1,3-diamine, C22H26N2O4 (1), derived from 1,3-propanediamine and 3,3′-dimethoxy-2,2′-(propane-1,3-diyldioxy)dibenzaldehyde ...
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In this paper, the structure of a new 16-membered macrocyclic Schiff base compound N,N′-(3,3′-dimethoxy-2,2′-(propane-1,3-diyldioxy)dibenzylidene)propane-1,3-diamine, C22H26N2O4 (1), derived from 1,3-propanediamine and 3,3′-dimethoxy-2,2′-(propane-1,3-diyldioxy)dibenzaldehyde has been studied by single crystal X-ray diffraction, DFT calculations at B3LYP/6-31G** and FT-IR spectroscopy. The title compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n with unit cell parameters: a = 16.3273 (5) Å, b = 7.0832 (2) Å, c = 16.8586 (4) Ǻ, β = 93.135 (2)°, V = 1946.77 (9) Å3 and Z=4. The optimized molecular geometry agrees closely to that obtained from single crystal X-ray crystallography. The FT-IR spectrum (4000-400 cm-1) was recorded and compared with that of the calculated spectrum.
Organic chemistry
Zahra Mohagheghian; Razieh Fazaeli; Hamid Aliyan
Volume 4, Issue 2, pp. 133-235, Serial No. 11 , April 2016, , Pages 198-206
Abstract
A green, efficient and selective approach for the oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides and sulfones with UHP at room temperature is reported. The reaction is performed in the presence of vanadia catalyst supported on mesocellular silica foam (MCF) with a V content ranging from 2% to 10% as heterogeneous ...
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A green, efficient and selective approach for the oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides and sulfones with UHP at room temperature is reported. The reaction is performed in the presence of vanadia catalyst supported on mesocellular silica foam (MCF) with a V content ranging from 2% to 10% as heterogeneous and reusable catalyst. The structural and textural characterization of this catalyst were done using FTIR, X-ray diffraction, and N2 adsorption-desorption. This catalyst was found to be effective for selective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides and the 5.6% V/MCF catalyst showed the highest activity. It is noteworthy that the reaction tolerates oxidatively sensitive functional groups and the sulfur atom is selectively oxidized.
Analytical chemistry
Behnam Hafezi
Volume 2, Issue 3, pp. 162-231, Serial No. 4 , July 2014, , Pages 222-231
Abstract
In this work, a tracer study on pore initiation in anodic alumina in oxalic acid was performed. Effects of some experimental parameters such as applied electrical potential, electrolyte composition and heat pretreatment were evaluated. Electrochemical and morphological experiments were performed using ...
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In this work, a tracer study on pore initiation in anodic alumina in oxalic acid was performed. Effects of some experimental parameters such as applied electrical potential, electrolyte composition and heat pretreatment were evaluated. Electrochemical and morphological experiments were performed using potentiostatic anodizing and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques, respectively. Effect of electrolyte composition on current density was discussed. In various electrical potentials, electrolyte composition had different effects on current density. Addition of sulfuric acid into oxalic acid increased porosity. Also, distribution of pore size and pore diameter were influenced by presence of sulfuric acid. Effect of electrolyte composition on the morphology of aluminum surface layer was depended on to the electric potential. Current density and porosity of aluminum surface layer was decreased by heat pretreatment.
Organic chemistry
Ghobad Mansouri; Massoud Ghobadi
Abstract
The Ni(II) and Zn(II) complexes with phenylpyridylformamidine (PhPyF) ligand, [Ni(PhPyF)Cl2] and [Zn(PhPyF)Cl2], have been prepared and investigated using different chemical techniques such as elemental analysis, molar conductance, FT-IR, UV-vis spectra and magnetic moment. The obtained chemical analysis ...
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The Ni(II) and Zn(II) complexes with phenylpyridylformamidine (PhPyF) ligand, [Ni(PhPyF)Cl2] and [Zn(PhPyF)Cl2], have been prepared and investigated using different chemical techniques such as elemental analysis, molar conductance, FT-IR, UV-vis spectra and magnetic moment. The obtained chemical analysis data showed the formation of 1:1 (metal: ligand) ratio. The square planar and tetrahedral geometry for NiL and ZnL respctively, were suggested on the basis of magnetic moment, spectral data and molecular modeling studies. The free ligand and its metal complexes have been tested in vitro against a number of bacteria (Gram-negative and Gram- positive) in order to assess their antibacterial activities.Keywords: Ni (II) and Zn(II) complexes, Phenylpyridylformamidine, molecular modeling.
Organic chemistry
Abhijeet Somwanshi; Yashwant Bhaskar Pandit; Akash Gholap; Rushikesh Ghogare; Shivaji Pandit
Volume 5, Issue 3, pp. 237-363, Serial No. 16 , July 2017, , Pages 293-300
Abstract
An efficient one pot multi component synthesis of 1, 4-Polyhydroquinoline derivatives through unsymmetrical Hantzsch reaction using lanthanum chloride heptahydrate (LaCl3.7H2O) from an aromatic aldehyde, ethyl acetoacetate, dimedone and ammonium acetate as a nitrogen precursor in ethanol at room temperature ...
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An efficient one pot multi component synthesis of 1, 4-Polyhydroquinoline derivatives through unsymmetrical Hantzsch reaction using lanthanum chloride heptahydrate (LaCl3.7H2O) from an aromatic aldehyde, ethyl acetoacetate, dimedone and ammonium acetate as a nitrogen precursor in ethanol at room temperature is described. In the present work we report lanthanum chloride heptahydrate remarkably non-toxic in nature and ease of handling we explored the utility of lanthanum chloride as a catalyst for the synthesis of 1, 4-polyhydroquinoline derivatives. We newly report p-N, N-dimethylamino-cinnamaldehyde and m-chlorobenzaldehyde for the synthesis of 1, 4-Polyhydroquinoline derivatives through unsymmetrical Hantzsch reaction and was characterized by IR and 1HNMR spectroscopic methods.
Organic chemistry
Zahra Vafajoo; Davood Kordestani; Saba Vafajoo
Volume 6, Issue 3, pp. 218-324, Serial No. 20 , July 2018, , Pages 293-299
Abstract
2-Amino-5,10-dioxo-4-aryl-5,10-dihydro-4H-benzo[g]chromene-3-carbonitrile derivatives are obtained in excellent yields with a simple and efficient procedure.This reaction can occur using electrocatalytic multicomponent chain transformation of aryl aldehydes, 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1,4-dione and malononitrile ...
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2-Amino-5,10-dioxo-4-aryl-5,10-dihydro-4H-benzo[g]chromene-3-carbonitrile derivatives are obtained in excellent yields with a simple and efficient procedure.This reaction can occur using electrocatalytic multicomponent chain transformation of aryl aldehydes, 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1,4-dione and malononitrile under neutral and mild conditions. Moreover, electrolysis is done in CH3CN as solvent, Tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF) as an effective supporting electrolyte and an iron electrode as the cathode and a graphite electrode as the anode in undivided cell. Also Excellent conversions of the starting materials were obtained under 10 mA/cm2 current densities after 0.54 F/mol of electricity had been passed and I=50 mA at room temperature. The key advantages of this method are the high yields, simple work up the non-chromatographic purification of products.
Physical chemistry
Morteza Vatanparast; Nabi Javadi; Rasoul Pourtaghavi Talemi; Elahe Parvini
Volume 2, Issue 4, pp. 236-325, Serial No. 5 , October 2014, , Pages 316-325
Abstract
The character of the intermolecular interactions in Cl2-HX (X =F, Cl and Br) complexes has been investigated by means of the second-order Möller–Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) and the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The results show that there are two types of lowest interaction ...
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The character of the intermolecular interactions in Cl2-HX (X =F, Cl and Br) complexes has been investigated by means of the second-order Möller–Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) and the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The results show that there are two types of lowest interaction potential equilibrium structures in the interactions between Cl2 and HX: X∙∙∙Cl type geometry and hydrogen-bonded geometry. The calculated interaction energies show that the X∙∙∙Cl type structures are more stable than the corresponding hydrogen-bonded structures. The nature of the intermolecular interactions has been also investigated by natural bond orbital (NBO) and atoms in molecules (AIM). The AIM analysis reveals that both types of intermolecular interactions are “closed-shell” noncovalent interactions.
Organic chemistry
Seyyedeh Cobra Azimi; Kurosh Rad-Moghadam
Volume 3, Issue 4, pp. 283-387, Serial No. 9 , October 2015, , Pages 356-366
Abstract
A homogeneous ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate doped with LiCl ([BMIm]BF4-LiCl) was found as catalyst solvents for the synthesis of dicoumarols by the condensation of 4-hydroxycoumarin and aldehyde at 80 ˚C. In this field, several types of aromatic aldehyde, containing electron-withdrawing ...
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A homogeneous ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate doped with LiCl ([BMIm]BF4-LiCl) was found as catalyst solvents for the synthesis of dicoumarols by the condensation of 4-hydroxycoumarin and aldehyde at 80 ˚C. In this field, several types of aromatic aldehyde, containing electron-withdrawing groups as well as electron-donating groups, were rapidly changed to the corresponding derivatives in good to excellent yields. Application of this new homogeneous catalyst system offered the advantages of short reaction times, solvent-free conditions, high yields, and easy work-up procedure compared to the conventional methods of the syntheses. The ionic liquid can be recovered for the subsequent reactions and reused without any loss of efficiency.
Organic chemistry
Seyed Sajad Sajadikhah; Mahboubeh Zarei
Volume 5, Issue 4, pp. 364-493, Serial No. 17 , October 2017, , Pages 436-441
Abstract
Extremely facile and efficient procedure has been developed for the synthesis of alkyl 2,5-dihydro-2-oxo-5-aryl-3-(arylamino) furan-4-carboxylate in the presence of trityl chloride (TrCl) as an organic catalyst in ethanol at ambient temperature. One-pot three-component reaction of aromatic amines, dimethyl ...
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Extremely facile and efficient procedure has been developed for the synthesis of alkyl 2,5-dihydro-2-oxo-5-aryl-3-(arylamino) furan-4-carboxylate in the presence of trityl chloride (TrCl) as an organic catalyst in ethanol at ambient temperature. One-pot three-component reaction of aromatic amines, dimethyl and/or diethyl acetylenedicarboxylates and aryl aldehydes offorded the corossponding 3-amino-2-oxofurane derivatives in good to high yields. The presented method offers several advantages such as green and mild conditions, simplicity of operation, non-toxicity of the catalyst and high atom economy. Moreover, the products were obtained through simple filtering and no need to column chromatography, which reduces the waste as well as environmental pollutions.
Nanochemistry
Gholamhassan Imanzadeh; Raha Hadi
Volume 6, Issue 1, pp. 1-108, Serial No. 18 , January 2018, , Pages 70-77
Abstract
In the present paper, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using the Brassica oleraceae fruit extract under the simple and eco-friendly conditions. The reaction between silver nitrate, as metal source, and aqueous extract of Brassica oleraceae fruit, as reductant agent, produced AgNPs in high ...
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In the present paper, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using the Brassica oleraceae fruit extract under the simple and eco-friendly conditions. The reaction between silver nitrate, as metal source, and aqueous extract of Brassica oleraceae fruit, as reductant agent, produced AgNPs in high yield. The formation of AgNPs was confirmed by means of UV-Vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used for characterization of morphology and size of silver nanoparticle products. The investigation of diverse reaction parameters revealed that reductant concentrations, reaction pH, mixing ratio of the reactants and interaction time affected the size and morphology of synthesized AgNPs. AgNPs with 32.74 nm size and amorphous, based on SEM images, were produced within 24 h interaction period. AgNPs also showed a good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli.
Nanochemistry
Shahryar Pashaei; Soleyman Hosseinzadeh
Volume 4, Issue 1, pp. 1-132, Serial No. 10 , January 2016, , Pages 102-114
Abstract
This study focuses on achieving high stiffness/strength and good FR characteristic of nylon 66/MCA/NC nanocomposites, prepared via melt compounding by twin screw extruder. A synergistic effect of flame retardant systems based on melamine cyanurate and zinc borate on the flammability and mechanical behaviours ...
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This study focuses on achieving high stiffness/strength and good FR characteristic of nylon 66/MCA/NC nanocomposites, prepared via melt compounding by twin screw extruder. A synergistic effect of flame retardant systems based on melamine cyanurate and zinc borate on the flammability and mechanical behaviours of crysnanoclay reinforced nylon 66 nanocomposites have been reported. Mechanical test results indicated that all composites exhibited higher stiffness than pristine nylon 66. Thermal characteristics were performed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). TGA thermograms indicate a significant increase in thermal stability after incorporation of flame retardants additives to nylon 66 matrices. A slight reduction in HDT and marked reduction in izod impact strength after incorporation of flame retardant into nylon 66/MCA/NC nanoomposite was observed.
Inorganic chemistry
Maryam Movahedi; Fahimeh Kazemi-Cheryani; Nahid Rasouli; Hossein Salavati
Volume 3, Issue 2, pp. 72-147, Serial No. 7 , April 2015, , Pages 137-142
Abstract
In the present work, the ZnFe2O4 nanoparticle has been successfully synthesized. The obtained sample was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and its optical property was examined by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. FE-SEM revealed that the particle size of ...
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In the present work, the ZnFe2O4 nanoparticle has been successfully synthesized. The obtained sample was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and its optical property was examined by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. FE-SEM revealed that the particle size of the ZnFe2O4 of about 47 nm was synthesized. The photocatalytic performance under UV-Vis and visible light were evaluated by decolorization of congo red (CR) anionic dye solution. The UV-Vis and visible light irradiation source are a high pressure mercury lamp, 400 W and filament tungsten lamp 100 W respectively. The photocatalytic results show that the ZnFe2O4 sample can be 100% degrading (CR) dye solution after 30 and 120 min under UV-Vis and visible irradiation respectively
Organic chemistry
Ali Allahresani
Volume 6, Issue 2, pp. 109-217, Serial No. 19 , April 2018, , Pages 180-191
Abstract
In this study, Mn (III) salen complex was synthesized and immobilized onto the graphene oxide, which is modified by 3-chloropropyltrimethoxy silane. Heterogeneous catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, fourier transform infrared ...
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In this study, Mn (III) salen complex was synthesized and immobilized onto the graphene oxide, which is modified by 3-chloropropyltrimethoxy silane. Heterogeneous catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, fourier transform infrared spectra, nitrogen adsorption−desorption isotherm and atomic absorption spectroscopy. The catalytic activity of heterogeneous Mn (III) salen complex and comparison with its homogeneous analogue was studied for green oxidation of sulfide derivatives using aqueous 30% H2O2 as an oxidant in water media. The results showed that heterogeneous catalyst was highly efficient in this reaction and corresponding products were obtained in good to excellent yields. The advantages of this catalyst include short reaction times, no side reactions, easy and simple work up, mild reaction conditions and excellent selectivity. The heterogeneous nanocatalyst was reused for several runs without significant loss in activity and selectivity.
Inorganic chemistry
Alireza Akbari
Volume 4, Issue 2, pp. 133-235, Serial No. 11 , April 2016, , Pages 207-213
Abstract
The therrmodynamic parameters and equilibrium constant of displacement of dimethy sulfide by 3-carboaldehyde pyridine as N-donor ligand in cis-[Pt(4-MeC6H4)2(SMe2)2] complex have been measured using UV vis spectroscopy in acetone, dichloromethane and benzene at various temperatures (T=15-20 °C) and ...
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The therrmodynamic parameters and equilibrium constant of displacement of dimethy sulfide by 3-carboaldehyde pyridine as N-donor ligand in cis-[Pt(4-MeC6H4)2(SMe2)2] complex have been measured using UV vis spectroscopy in acetone, dichloromethane and benzene at various temperatures (T=15-20 °C) and compared with previous my reported about similar reaction. ΔHo (KJ.mol-1) of the mentioned reaction in acetone has been 7.158 while obtained less in dichloromethane (4.109 ) and more in benzene(9.96). The entropy of the reaction has been obtained 86.86 J.mol-1.K-1 in acetone , while calculated less in CH2Cl2 (73.29 J.mol-1.K-1) and more in last solvent (97.40 J.mol-1.K-1). Also, the Gibbs energy, ΔG (J.mol-1), of the reaction obtained -18738.79, -17741.55 and -19043.06 respectively, with the same order. In all three solvents, the values of enthalpy and entropy change have been positive and decreased as the donor number of the solvents decreased.