Original Research Article
Biochemistry
Mohammad Ali Nasseri; Zahra Kakouee; Ali Allahresani
Volume 3, Issue 3, pp. 180-282,Serial No. 8 , July 2015, Pages 180-186
Abstract
Artemisia deserti Krasch (A. deserti), Artemisia aucheri (A. aucheri) and Artemisia sieberi Besser (A. sieberi) are three members of Asteraceae (compositae) family, which grow widely in the even and high areas of Birjand, Iran. This study has attempted to compare the total antioxidant capacity of methanol ...
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Artemisia deserti Krasch (A. deserti), Artemisia aucheri (A. aucheri) and Artemisia sieberi Besser (A. sieberi) are three members of Asteraceae (compositae) family, which grow widely in the even and high areas of Birjand, Iran. This study has attempted to compare the total antioxidant capacity of methanol extracts of these three plants using DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay in which spectrophotometry method was used at 517 nm. The results showed that the aerial parts (AP) of A. sieberi has the highest total antioxidant capacity (IC50=11.054 mg/mL). The lowest amount of antioxidant capacity was found in the root (R) of A. aucheri (IC50= 91.408 mg/mL).
Original Research Article
Nanochemistry
Fariba Heidarizadeh; Saeed Asadipour
Volume 3, Issue 3, pp. 180-282,Serial No. 8 , July 2015, Pages 187-198
Abstract
Polypyrrole is one of the most useful conductive polymers, but green synthesis of this polymer has been restricted until now. The objective of the present paper is green synthesis of nano polypyrrole (PPy) by oxidative polymerization using urea-hydrogen peroxide. It was found that conductivity and morphology ...
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Polypyrrole is one of the most useful conductive polymers, but green synthesis of this polymer has been restricted until now. The objective of the present paper is green synthesis of nano polypyrrole (PPy) by oxidative polymerization using urea-hydrogen peroxide. It was found that conductivity and morphology of polypyrrole are highly dependent on the reaction conditions such as the molar ratio of oxidized to monomer, temperature, reaction time, kind of solvents, the presence of a catalyst such as p-toluene sulfonic acid, and specially concentration and addition time of hydrochloric acid. After understanding the relationship between these factors, we turned this enormous variability into improved polypyrrole properties.
Original Research Article
Organic chemistry
Hamid Reza Mardani Kiasari; Mehdi Forouzani; Mitra Ziari; Azim Malekzadeh; Pouria Biparva
Volume 3, Issue 3, pp. 180-282,Serial No. 8 , July 2015, Pages 199-207
Abstract
Novel nano-catalysts (Nano ZnO and Fe doped ZnO (Fe(0.1)Zn(0.99)O) synthesized by co-precipitation method in aqueous solution as new nanocatalysts and characterized by common techniques as FTIR, XRD, SEM and UVD. The size of particles obtained from XRD data is 27 and 16 nanometers for ZnO and Fresno ...
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Novel nano-catalysts (Nano ZnO and Fe doped ZnO (Fe(0.1)Zn(0.99)O) synthesized by co-precipitation method in aqueous solution as new nanocatalysts and characterized by common techniques as FTIR, XRD, SEM and UVD. The size of particles obtained from XRD data is 27 and 16 nanometers for ZnO and Fresno respectively. Influences of doped Fe on ZnO catalytic properties in oxidation of Benzylic alcohols were studied. The oxidation carried out under mild and green conditions as: solvent free, at room temperature and with H2O2. The results show, FeZnO is better than ZnO as nanocatalyst in oxidation reaction. The rate, %conversion and %selectivity of reaction are improved in the presence of Fe atoms than ZnO only. The main product of oxidation reactions is Benzaldehyde and/or its derivatives.
Original Research Article
Organic chemistry
Abdolkarim Zare; Maryam Dashtizadeh; Maria Merajoddin
Volume 3, Issue 3, pp. 180-282,Serial No. 8 , July 2015, Pages 208-217
Abstract
A highly efficient, simple and clean solvent-free protocol for the synthesis of polyhydroquinolines is described. The one-pot multi-component condensation reaction between arylaldehydes, dimedone (5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione), β-ketoesters and ammonium acetate in the presence of catalytic ...
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A highly efficient, simple and clean solvent-free protocol for the synthesis of polyhydroquinolines is described. The one-pot multi-component condensation reaction between arylaldehydes, dimedone (5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione), β-ketoesters and ammonium acetate in the presence of catalytic amount of (2.5 mol%) melamine trisulfonic acid (MTSA) as a recyclable, green and attractive sulfonic acid-containing catalyst at 60 °C affords the title compounds in high yields (83-98%) and short reaction times (3-30 min). The advantages of this method are efficiency, generality, high yield, short reaction time, cleaner reaction profile, simplicity, recyclability of the catalyst, ease of product isolation, and good compliance with the green chemistry protocols.
Original Research Article
Organic chemistry
Esmayeel Abbaspour-Gilandeh; Seyyedeh Cobra Azimi
Volume 3, Issue 3, pp. 180-282,Serial No. 8 , July 2015, Pages 218-231
Abstract
Abstract-A novel and efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of pyrano[3,2-c]quinoline-2,5-dione derivatives by the convenient ultrasound-mediated condensation of 4-hydroxyquinolin-2-one with Meldrum’s acid and aldehydes in the presence of a catalytic amount of [HMIm]HSO4 as a green, ...
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Abstract-A novel and efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of pyrano[3,2-c]quinoline-2,5-dione derivatives by the convenient ultrasound-mediated condensation of 4-hydroxyquinolin-2-one with Meldrum’s acid and aldehydes in the presence of a catalytic amount of [HMIm]HSO4 as a green, efficient and reusable acidic ionic liquid medium. The stability of the ionic liquid during the reaction was high and, used for several times to recycled form. Placing the reaction mixture under ultrasound condition causes that we have lower energy consumption and achieve to the desired product in the optimal time. The method is simple, starts from readily accessible commercial starting materials, and provides biologically interesting products in good yields and short reaction times.
Original Research Article
Organic chemistry
Mehdi Forouzani; Navabeh Nami; Hassan Ghasemnejad-Bosra; Omid Khalilpour Tylami
Volume 3, Issue 3, pp. 180-282,Serial No. 8 , July 2015, Pages 232-243
Abstract
One-pot reaction of aldehydes or ketons with aniline derivatives was performed using NaBH4 and Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The optimum amount of Fe3O4 MNPs was 5 mol% under solvent free condition. The corresponding products were obtained in good to excellent yields. The magnetically recoverable ...
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One-pot reaction of aldehydes or ketons with aniline derivatives was performed using NaBH4 and Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The optimum amount of Fe3O4 MNPs was 5 mol% under solvent free condition. The corresponding products were obtained in good to excellent yields. The magnetically recoverable iron oxide nanoparticles are found to be efficient for synthesis of amine derivatives. These nanoparticles are effective in green chemistry and could be successfully reuse. in addition to having the general advantages attributed to the inherent magnetic property of nanocatalyst, Fe3O4MNPs exhibited exceptionally high catalytic activity compared to other catalysts, to yield the desired products in short reaction time and mild reaction conditions.
Original Research Article
Organic chemistry
Hadi Jabbari; Jabbar Khalafy; Peyman Najafi Moghadam
Volume 3, Issue 3, pp. 180-282,Serial No. 8 , July 2015, Pages 244-253
Abstract
A most effective and less energy demanding method of producing fatty esters, diol esters, by esterifying fatty acids, with neopentyl and ethylenglycol alcohols in the presence of an acidic ion exchange resin catalyst(polyestyrendivinylbenzensulfated) was investigated at elevated temperature. In this ...
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A most effective and less energy demanding method of producing fatty esters, diol esters, by esterifying fatty acids, with neopentyl and ethylenglycol alcohols in the presence of an acidic ion exchange resin catalyst(polyestyrendivinylbenzensulfated) was investigated at elevated temperature. In this process an azeotroping agent, toluene, was used to facilitate continuous removal of water by distillation, formed as a by-product during the esterification reaction.The esterification reaction is completed within 4-5 hours and neopentyl and ethylenglycol esters produced with properties of lubricity and biodegradability One of the most important modifications of the carboxyl group of the fatty acid chain is the esterification of the fatty acids obtained by cleavage of such esters. Those processes are performed on large scale. Esterification reactions of neopentylpolyols are normally catalysed with acidic or basic catalysts.Typical homogeneous catalysts are p-toluene sulphonic acid, phosphoric acid, sulphuric acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium ethoxide and sodium methoxide[1-5]. In some cases, heterogeneous catalysts such as Sn-oxalate or cation exchange resins are used. Enzyme catalysed reactions are also known
Original Research Article
Physical chemistry
Nasrin Sohrabi; Maryam Dookheh
Volume 3, Issue 3, pp. 180-282,Serial No. 8 , July 2015, Pages 254-265
Abstract
In this study at first , an azo dye, 2,7- naphthalenediol, 2-[(4-Bromophenyl)azo (BPAND) as a ligand has been synthesized by addition of p-Bromoaniline to the modified montomorillonite K10 clay. This ligand was characterized using 1H-NMR, UV-Vis and IR spectroscopies. Subsequently, its interaction with ...
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In this study at first , an azo dye, 2,7- naphthalenediol, 2-[(4-Bromophenyl)azo (BPAND) as a ligand has been synthesized by addition of p-Bromoaniline to the modified montomorillonite K10 clay. This ligand was characterized using 1H-NMR, UV-Vis and IR spectroscopies. Subsequently, its interaction with calf thymus deoxyribonucleicacid ,ct-DNA was investigated in 5 mM phosphate buffer solution, pH=7 using UV-Vis absorption, thermal denaturation and viscosity measurement. From spectrophotometric titration experiments, the binding constant of BPAND with ct-DNA was found to be (2.89±0.2)×107 M-1 at 25°C. In order to determine changes in thermodynamic properties such as binding constant, Gibbs free energy, binding enthalpy and binding entropy, this experiment was done at various temperatures. The enthalpy and entropy changes were -2.852±0.634 kJ/mol and -814.065 ±2.52 J/mol.K, respectively.Thermal denaturation experiments show the increasing of melting temperature of ct-DNA (about 0.06°C less than 0.6) due to binding of BPAND ligand. From these results the mechanism and the stoichiometry of binding were determined. The results revealed that this interaction is exothermic (negative enthalpy change) along with negative entropy change. Therefore, the driving force in these interactions is enthalpy and the process is enthalpy-driven and suggest that the main driving force for the ct-DNA-BPAND complex formation is being Van der Waals or hydrogen binding.
Original Research Article
Nanochemistry
Jamal Afzali; Sedigheh Sadegh Hassani
Volume 3, Issue 3, pp. 180-282,Serial No. 8 , July 2015, Pages 266-275
Abstract
Magnetic force microscope ( MFM ) is a powerful technique for mapping the magnetic force gradient above the sample surface. Herein, single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) were used to fabricate MFM probe by dielectrophoresis method which is a reproducible and cost-effective technique. The effect of induced ...
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Magnetic force microscope ( MFM ) is a powerful technique for mapping the magnetic force gradient above the sample surface. Herein, single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) were used to fabricate MFM probe by dielectrophoresis method which is a reproducible and cost-effective technique. The effect of induced voltage on the deposition manner of carbon nanotubes (CNT) on the atomic force microscope ( AFM ) tip was investigated . The optimum voltage and frequency of SWCNT solution are obtained as 13 volts and 2 MHz, respectively. After coating theas-prepared CNT tips with a layer of cobalt,it can be used to obtain high resolution MFM images.
Original Research Article
Organic chemistry
Abdoulhossien Massoudi; Azam Louie; Omid Louie
Volume 3, Issue 3, pp. 180-282,Serial No. 8 , July 2015, Pages 276-282
Abstract
Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) is the most common material used in Prosthodontics. Several studies indicate a breakdown of the number of very high resin bases after 2 to 3 years to avoid breaking bass and several attempts have been made, such as altering the chemical structure of resin by adding causes ...
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Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) is the most common material used in Prosthodontics. Several studies indicate a breakdown of the number of very high resin bases after 2 to 3 years to avoid breaking bass and several attempts have been made, such as altering the chemical structure of resin by adding causes cross linking or copolymerization. The innovative method for improving the physical properties of the prosthesis and increase its strength, a copolymer of styrene - methyl methacrylate was proposed. Tensile strength increased with the increase of styrene with methyl methacrylate in an amount determined to be the most resistant. Polystyrene and poly methyl methacrylate and copolymers characterized by FTIR, CNMR and Tg and tensile strength were measured according to ISO1567 standard.